Discovery of connected devices to determine control capabilities and meta-information

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure relates to techniques for interacting with an electronic device. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to initiating action(s) using an interface configured to control operation of IoT devices. An example embodiment includes receiving, at a computing device, a communication including a unique identifier for a network device connected to a network, using the unique identifier to determine a resource bundle for the network device, the resource bundle defining an interface module for the network device, wherein the interface module is configured to display one or more interface elements usable to control the network device, and transmitting the resource bundle, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates generating the interface module.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/427,931, filed on May 31, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/362,462, filed on Nov. 28, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,314,088, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/959,192, filed on Dec. 4, 2015, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,231,268, which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/087,458, filed on Dec. 4, 2014, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/088,460, filed on Dec. 5, 2014.

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/427,931, filed on May 31, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/362,462, filed on Nov. 28, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,314,088, which is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/208,162 filed on Jul. 12, 2016, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/525,443, filed on Oct. 28, 2014, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,426,118.

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/427,931, filed on May 31, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/362,462, filed on Nov. 28, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,314,088, which is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/015,887, filed on Feb. 4, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,998,437, which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/111,827, filed on Feb. 4, 2015.

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/427,931, filed on May 31, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/362,462, filed on Nov. 28, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,314,088, which is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/959,380, filed on Dec. 4, 2015, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,158,536, which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/087,466, filed on Dec. 4, 2014, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/087,753, filed on Dec. 4, 2014, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/087,756, filed on Dec. 4, 2014, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/088,297, filed on Dec. 5, 2014, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/115,467, filed on Feb. 12, 2015.

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/427,931, filed on May 31, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/362,462, filed on Nov. 28, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,314,088, which is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/326,393 filed on Jul. 8, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,554,439, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/267,834, filed on May 1, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,444,715.

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/427,931, filed on May 31, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/362,462, filed on Nov. 28, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,314,088, which is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/292,066 filed on May 30, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,647,888, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/292,240 filed May 30, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,000,896.

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/427,931, filed on May 31, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/362,462, filed on Nov. 28, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,314,088, which is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/286,439 filed on May 23, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,212,047, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/254,689 filed on Apr. 16, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,531,601.

All of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties for all purposes.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates to interface registration and distribution for network devices. Specifically, various techniques and systems are provided for dynamically registering, distributing, and presenting interfaces for monitoring and controlling network devices in a network.

BACKGROUND

Multiple network devices may be present within a local area network. For example, network devices that provide various functionalities may be present within the local area network. For example, a home automation network device may provide a user with the ability to remotely configure or control one or more appliances within the user's home. Each network device within the local area network may have different capabilities and functionalities. Accordingly, multiple network devices having different capabilities may be associated with a local area network. A user may only be able to control certain types of network devices using an application with a user interface designed to control those types of network devices. Thus, the existence of multiple network devices within a local area network may require a user to obtain multiple applications and/or updated application versions in order to control all of the network devices within the local area network.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Techniques are described for providing immediate usability of a network device without having to download, upgrade, or re-install an application. For example, a computing device may receive a communication a communication including a unique identifier for a network device connected to a network. The computing device, upon receiving the communication, may use the unique identifier to determine a resource bundle for the network device, the resource bundle defining an interface module for the network device, wherein the interface module is configured to display one or more interface elements usable to control the network device. The method can also include transmitting the resource bundle, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates generating the interface module.

According to at least one example, when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates executing an application that generates the interface module. For example, when the resource bundle is received by an access device, the resource bundle can facilitate executing an application that generates the interface module.

In accordance with embodiments, the one or more interface elements correspond to controls or sub-controls of the network device.

In one example, the resource bundle defines an interface module including a contextual menu for the network device, the contextual menu corresponding to a secondary control of the network device, and wherein the secondary control is associated with a primary control of the network device.

According to at least one example, interface elements are selectable, wherein selecting an interface element displays a menu, and wherein a menu includes a changeable setting associated with a network device.

In accordance with one embodiment, interface elements display a state of a network device.

In some embodiments, a system may be provided that includes one or more data processors. The system may further include a memory having instructions stored thereon, which when executed by the one or more data processors, cause the computing device to perform operations including: receiving a communication including a unique identifier for a network device connected to a network; using the unique identifier to determine a resource bundle for the network device, the resource bundle defining an interface module for the network device, wherein the interface module is configured to display one or more interface elements usable to control the network device; and transmitting the resource bundle, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates generating the interface module.

In other embodiments, a computer-program product may be provided. The computer-program product may be tangibly embodied in a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium. The machine-readable storage medium may include instructions configured to cause one or more data processors to: receive a communication including a unique identifier for a network device connected to a network; use the unique identifier to determine a resource bundle for the network device, the resource bundle defining an interface module for the network device, wherein the interface module is configured to display one or more interface elements usable to control the network device; and transmit the resource bundle, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates generating the interface module.

In some embodiments, the method, system, and computer-program product described above may further include receiving an updated resource bundle for the network device, registering the updated resource bundle, and then transmitting the updated resource bundle, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates generating an updated interface module for the network device. For example, when the updated resource bundle is received at an access device, the access device can generate the updated interface module for the network device.

In some embodiments, the method, system, and computer-program product described above may further include: receiving a request for the resource bundle from an access device, and then transmitting the resource bundle to the requesting access device.

This summary is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used in isolation to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter. The subject matter should be understood by reference to appropriate portions of the entire specification of this patent, any or all drawings, and each claim.

The foregoing, together with other features and embodiments, will become more apparent upon referring to the following specification, claims, and accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Illustrative embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the following drawing figures:

FIG. 1 is an illustration of an example of a network environment, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a process for registering one or more network devices, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 3 is an illustration of an example of a network environment, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 4 is an illustration of an example of a network environment, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 5 is an illustration of an example of a network environment, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 6 is an illustration of data flows for providing resource bundles defining network device interfaces within an example wireless network environment, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a process for generating interface modules for network device interfaces, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a process for providing a resource bundle for a network device, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a process for using resource bundles to generate interface modules for network devices, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 10-12 depict example interfaces for controlling network devices, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 13 is an illustration of an example of a front view of a network device, in accordance with an embodiment.

FIG. 14 is an illustration of an example of a side view of a network device, in accordance with an embodiment.

FIG. 15 is an example of a block diagram of a network device, in accordance with an embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating an example of an access device, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a server, in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a gateway, in accordance with some embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. However, it will be apparent that various embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. The figures and description are not intended to be restrictive.

The ensuing description provides exemplary embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the disclosure. Rather, the ensuing description of the exemplary embodiments will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing an exemplary embodiment. It should be understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Specific details are given in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, circuits, systems, networks, processes, and other components may be shown as components in block diagram form in order not to obscure the embodiments in unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the embodiments.

Also, it is noted that individual embodiments may be described as a process which is depicted as a flowchart, a flow diagram, a data flow diagram, a structure diagram, or a block diagram. Although a flowchart may describe the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel or concurrently. In addition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged. A process is terminated when its operations are completed, but could have additional steps not included in a figure. A process may correspond to a method, a function, a procedure, a subroutine, a subprogram, etc. When a process corresponds to a function, its termination can correspond to a return of the function to the calling function or the main function.

The term “machine-readable storage medium” or “computer-readable storage medium” includes, but is not limited to, portable or non-portable storage devices, optical storage devices, and various other mediums capable of storing, containing, or carrying instruction(s) and/or data. A machine-readable medium may include a non-transitory medium in which data can be stored and that does not include carrier waves and/or transitory electronic signals propagating wirelessly or over wired connections. Examples of a non-transitory medium may include, but are not limited to, a magnetic disk or tape, optical storage media such as compact disk (CD) or digital versatile disk (DVD), flash memory, memory or memory devices. A computer-program product may include code and/or machine-executable instructions that may represent a procedure, a function, a subprogram, a program, a routine, a subroutine, a module, a software package, a class, or any combination of instructions, data structures, or program statements. A code segment may be coupled to another code segment or a hardware circuit by passing and/or receiving information, data, arguments, parameters, or memory contents. Information, arguments, parameters, data, etc. may be passed, forwarded, or transmitted via any suitable means including memory sharing, message passing, token passing, network transmission, etc.

Furthermore, embodiments may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, firmware, middleware or microcode, the program code or code segments to perform the necessary tasks (e.g., a computer-program product) may be stored in a machine-readable medium. A processor(s) may perform the necessary tasks.

Systems depicted in some of the figures may be provided in various configurations. In some embodiments, the systems may be configured as a distributed system where one or more components of the system are distributed across one or more networks in a cloud computing system.

A network may be set up to provide an access device user with access to various devices connected to the network. For example, a network may include one or more network devices that provide a user with the ability to remotely configure or control one or more electronic devices (e.g., appliances) within an environment that can support the network. An environment can include, for example, a home, an office, a business, an automobile, a park, or the like. A network may include one or more gateways that allow client devices (e.g., network devices, access devices, or the like) to access the network by providing wired connections and/or wireless connections using radio frequency channels in one or more frequency bands. The one or more gateways may also provide the client devices with access to one or more external networks, such as a cloud network, the Internet, and/or other wide area networks.

A local area network, such as a user's home local area network, can include multiple network devices that provide various functionalities. Network devices may be accessed and controlled using an access device and/or one or more network gateways. One or more gateways in the local area network may be designated as a primary gateway that provides the local area network with access to an external network. The local area network can also extend outside of the user's home and may include network devices located outside of the user's home. For instance, the local area network can include network devices such as exterior motion sensors, exterior lighting (e.g., porch lights, walkway lights, security lights, or the like), garage door openers, sprinkler systems, or other network devices that are exterior to the user's home. It is desirable for a user to be able to access the network devices while located within the local area network and also while located remotely from the local area network. For example, a user may access the network devices using an access device within the local area network or remotely from the local area network. As explained herein, techniques are provided that dynamically register and distribute resource bundles associated with network devices, thus allowing network devices to be controlled in a single application using interfaces defined by resource bundles. These techniques allow a user, whether located locally or remotely from the local area network, to access, monitor, and control all network devices in the local area network.

In an embodiment, a network device can be discovered by an access device, which then compares a unique identifier of the network device with a list of known resource bundles. The resource bundles can define respective interface modules for network devices. If the access device does not find a resource bundle for the network device in a local cache at the access device, the access device can display a generic interface for the type of network device it is while searching a cloud based service for an updated, more specific interface module for the network device.

According to embodiments, when a network device is initially connected to a network, it and an access device can exchange communications to provide the access device with information that can be used to determine a basic, default visual interface for the network device. The communications can convey the fundamental types of interactions the network device supports. For example, complex interactions between the access device and the network device can be simplified and distilled down to a relatively small set of classifications of interactions along with a certain limited set of characterizing attributes associated with each classification. In one non-limiting embodiment, there are seven classifications of interactions in the set of classifications. One example set of classifications includes the following interaction classifications: 1) Controllable or Observable; 2) Discrete or Continuous; 3) Bound or Unbound (e.g., bounded or unbounded); 4) Restful or Restless; 5) Fixed or Open State Transition Path; 6) Cyclical or Linear; and 7) Temporal (e.g., repetitive or non-repetitive over time). Examples of these interaction classifications are provided in the following paragraphs. According to embodiments, there is a fundamental minimum set of attributes that accompany each of these exemplary classes or types of interactions. For example, by using an associated set of attributes for each interaction type supported by a network device, a complete and fundamental model describing all interactions for the network device can be formed. This fundamental model can be used to determine a basic, default visual interface for the network device. For instance, such a model can be used to create a default visual interface in cases where a resource bundle for the network device is unavailable (e.g., when the bundle has not been developed and/or cloud connectivity is unavailable).

In some embodiments, controllable network devices are network devices that a user or an access device can interact with and manipulate in some physical way. For example, a default visual interface module can be configured to display one or more interface elements on a display of an access device, where the interface elements are usable to control the network device. The visual interface may not map out every physically possible activity or interaction with the network device. For example, picking up a network device and moving it to another physical location may not be within the scope of interactions and controls supported by a visual interface. Instead, a default visual interface module for the network device can define the supported interactions between the access device and the network device and attempt to capture the fundamental ways in which the access device can interact with the network device when performing basic functions.

According to some examples, observable interactions are provided by network devices that are configured to detect changes in the physical world in some way. For example, sensors that are able to monitor for, detect, measure, and convey changes in the observable environment support observable interactions. Non-limiting examples of such network devices include motion sensors, moisture sensors, thermometers, thermostats, microphones, pressure sensors, gas/smoke detectors, and the like. Such sensors can be configured to detect motion, temperature, sound, a change in air pressure, presence of a gas, presence of smoke, presence of a device, presence of a person, or presence of a liquid. In an embodiment, a change in the environment is observable if it can be noticed or perceived, and registered as being a significant change.

In some embodiments, discrete interactions define a fixed, finite limit to the number of states that a controllable thing (e.g., a network device) has. For example, discrete interactions can also define a finite number of states that an observable thing can be detected, noticed, or perceived to be in. Generally, digital or stepped mechanical devices are discrete. For example, a light switch network device and a digital television tuner support a discrete number of interactions. In contrast, continuous interactions apply to devices that have no finite number of controllable or observable states. Such devices can a virtually an unlimited number of continuous states. For example, analog continuous motion mechanical devices can be classified as continuous. Such continuous devices can include, but are not limited to, an analog thermostat, an analog joystick, a lever, a vehicle's accelerator pedal, a mechanical dial, a water faucet, and the like. Continuous devices can also be inferred to support linear controls (i.e., have linearity). For example, a temperature setting or range is continuous and linear. That is, an analog thermostat or thermometer cannot go from or detect a temperature of 75 degrees and instantly jump to 80 degrees without increasing continuously from 75 up to 80 degrees.

According to embodiments, device interactions are classified as bounded if they have a lower and/or upper bound. A given network device may have certain functionalities or controls that are bounded, while also having other functionalities or controls that are bounded. That is, a device can be partially bound, fully bounded, or unbounded. For example, a typical gate or door has a fully open state (i.e., maximum degree of openness) and fully closed state (i.e., minimum degree of closed). Such a gate or door can be classified as fully bounded. A steering wheel, a rotary dial, or an analog knob (e.g., a potentiometer with a sliding or rotating contact) are other examples of fully bounded controllable devices. An escalator, a revolving door, and a treadmill are examples of partially bound devices. This is because such devices generally continue in one direction without a bound, but they are bound at some point from moving in another direction. A bicycle wheel, an electric motor, a turntable, and a rotating tray (e.g., a lazy Susan) are examples of unbounded devices. Such unbounded devices can spin or rotate without bound in either direction. In certain embodiments, a majority of controllable or observable devices can be classified as being bounded.

Restful devices are devices that default back to a known, ‘restful’ state when external forces cease to be applied to them. That is, restful devices spring back or revert to their restful state when an external force is no longer applied to them. Doorknobs, accelerator pedals, and reset buttons are examples of restful devices. Non-restful devices maintain their most recent state when external forces cease to be applied. Light switches, dead bolts, water faucets, and thermostats, are examples of non-restful devices.

Fixed state devices are devices that can be locked into state transition paths that must be followed. Analog tuners, dishwashers with set cycles, and traffic signals for intersections are examples of fixed state devices. Open state transition devices are not locked into any particular state transition path and can take many different paths to transition from one state to any other state. Digital television tuners and keyboards are examples of open state transition devices.

Cyclic devices are devices that cycle back from an upper bound back to their lower bound and/or vice versa. A combination lock is an example of a cyclic controllable device. Linear devices do not circularly connect from one end to the other. Most devices can be categorized as either being linear or cyclic.

Temporal devices derive or represent their state over some period of time rather than a single point in time. That is, temporal devices must be observed over some period of time before rendering an observation. A seat belt warning tone generator, blinking hazard lights, an ambulance/emergency siren are examples of temporal devices. Temporal devices can have a direction and speed of travel of a state. For example, a network device embodied as a garage door opener can represent the state of a garage door as closing or opening. Also, for example, a space heater network device can represent the state of a room where it is located as heating. Similarly, a wall or window air conditioner (A/C) network device can represent the state of a room where it is located as cooling. The observable state of repetitive things can be accurately determined through observation over time as opposed to a single snap shot at a discrete point in time.

Using the above-described exemplary classifications, consider an example network device that supports interactions via an input device such as an analog joystick. Such an input device can be defined as being controllable and continuous (i.e., due to its analog mechanics). The input device can also be defined as being bounded by the physical limits of leftmost, uppermost, rightmost, and down most points. Continuing with the joystick example, this type of input device can be defined as being restful at positions x=0 and y=0, with open state transition paths (e.g., it can take any one of many paths to get from the leftmost point to the rightmost point). The classifications of interactions supported by a joystick input device can also be defined as being linear and non-repetitive.

Techniques are described for using third party, run time registerable, discoverable, and auto distributable interfaces for network devices that have not previously been seen or discovered by an access device in the past. The techniques dynamically register and distribute resource bundles defining interfaces for controlling network devices within wireless and wired networks. In some examples, methods distribute user interfaces (UIs) for network devices. The network devices can include internet of things (IoT) devices. The UIs can be third party, run time registerable, discoverable, and auto distributable to an access device. The UIs can be based on network devices that have not previously been seen by an application on the access device. In some examples, a server may determine that a resource bundle exists for a network device connected to a home local area network. In one example, the resource bundle can define a visual interface usable to control a network device within an application executing on an access device.

In other examples, resource bundles can define interfaces for wearable devices, ambient sensors, and other control interfaces having dynamically detected and updated interface control capabilities used to control network devices. Such wearable devices or ambient sensors and interfaces can use interfaces defined by resource bundles, but may not have visual interfaces. Thus, the interfaces defined by the resource bundles described herein can be part of visual and non-visual interfaces. The network device may be a newly discovered network device. The server may provide the resource bundle to an application installed on a mobile device so that the mobile device can use the resource bundle to generate an interface module for monitoring and controlling the network device using the application. The server can also provide the resource bundle to an application installed on a stationary device such as, for example, a network gateway, a personal computer, a connected television (i.e., a smart TV), or a touchscreen device mounted on a wall or other surface (e.g., a touchscreen integrated into the door of a refrigerator or another appliance), so that the application can generate a corresponding interface module that is usable to monitor and control the network device. For example, a home local area network may include a gateway connected to a discovered network device. The server may determine that a resource bundle defining an interface module exists for the network device, and thus that the interface module needs to be provided to the gateway and/or a mobile device associated with the network device. For example, the server may determine the existence of multiple interface modules corresponding to respective network devices based on communications from the network devices and/or communication from a mobile device that is associated with the network devices. Upon discovering a network device that is connected to a home local area network, the server may determine a unique ID for the network device and use the unique ID to identify an existing interface module for the network device.

In certain embodiments, a network device may have a unique interface identifier assigned to it. For example, a resource bundle for the network device may have been previously uploaded to the server, added to resource bundle registry, and assigned a resource bundle ID. According to these embodiments, the interface defined by such a resource bundle is designed for controlling and/or monitoring the network device. For example, the interface may be a modular tile for the network device, where the tile is defined by a resource bundle previously created, registered, uniquely identified, and uploaded to a resource bundle registration and discovery service hosted on the server. The server may then transmit the uniquely identified resource bundle to an access device associated with the home local area network. Once received by the access device, the resource bundle is executable to generate an interface with interactive elements usable to control the network device. For example, the interface module may be executable within an application installed on mobile device and the interface elements may include interactive elements for controlling the network device. Accordingly, an interface module for a newly discovered network device may be identified and transmitted to a mobile device so that the mobile device can be used to control the network device, regardless of whether the mobile device has previously been connected to or associated with the network device.

In some examples, network devices may send respective communications to a server indicating that they are connected to a local area network. For example, a first network device may send a first unique identifier and a second network device may send a second unique identifier to the server. The server can use the unique identifiers to determine respective resource bundles defining interfaces corresponding to each of the network devices. An access device such as a mobile device may subsequently discover the first and second network devices, retrieve their unique identifiers, and then use the unique identifiers to retrieve visual interface modules from the server, the interface modules having been designed for controlling the network devices. In an example, the interface modules can be tiles based on standardized design templates. For instance, the tiles can be developed in accordance with the design templates, uniquely identified, and uploaded to the server. In one example, the server can host a cloud-based tile registration and discovery service and the tiles can be uploaded to the service by tile creators and developers, such as network device manufacturers and third party developers.

In some embodiments, a user may create an account with login information that is used to authenticate the user and allow access to the network devices. For example, once an account is created, a user may enter the login information in order to access a network device in a logical network.

According to some embodiments, an accountless authentication process may be performed so that the user can access one or more network devices within a logical network without having to enter network device login credentials each time access is requested. While located locally within the local area network, an access device may be authenticated based on the access device's authentication with the logical network. For example, if the access device has authorized access to the logical network (e.g., a WiFi network provided by a gateway), the network devices paired with that logical network may allow the access device to connect to them without requiring a login. Accordingly, only users of access devices that have authorization to access the logical network are authorized to access network devices within the logical network, and these users are authorized without having to provide login credentials for the network devices.

An accountless authentication process may also be performed when the user is remote so that the user can access network devices within the logical network, using an access device, without having to enter network device login credentials. While remote, the access device may access the network devices in the local area network using an external network, such as a cloud network, the Internet, or the like. One or more gateways may provide the network devices and/or access device connected to the local area network with access to the external network. To allow accountless authentication, a cloud network server may provide a network ID and/or one or more keys to a network device and/or to the access device (e.g., running an application, program, or the like). In some cases, a unique key may be generated for the network device and a separate unique key may be generated for the access device. The keys may be specifically encrypted with unique information identifiable only to the network device and the access device. The network device and the access device may be authenticated using the network ID and/or each device's corresponding key each time the network device or access device attempts to access the cloud network server.

In some embodiments, a home local area network may include a single gateway, such as a router. A network device within the local area network may pair with or connect to the gateway and may obtain credentials from the gateway. For example, when the network device is powered on, a list of gateways that are detected by the network device may be displayed on an access device (e.g., via an application, program, or the like installed on and executed by the access device). In this example, only the single gateway is included in the home local area network (e.g., any other displayed gateways may be part of other local area networks). In some embodiments, only the single gateway may be displayed (e.g., when only the single gateway is detected by the network device). A user may select the single gateway as the gateway with which the network device is to pair and may enter login information for accessing the gateway. The login information may be the same information that was originally set up for accessing the gateway. The access device may send the login information to the network device and the network device may use the login information to pair with the gateway. The network device may then obtain the credentials from the gateway. The credentials may include a service set identification (SSID) of the home local area network, a media access control (MAC) address of the gateway, and/or the like. The network device may transmit the credentials to a server, such as a cloud network server. In some embodiments, the network device may also send to the server information relating to the network device (e.g., MAC address, serial number, or the like) and/or information relating to the access device (e.g., MAC address, serial number, application unique identifier, or the like).

The cloud network server may register the gateway as a logical network and may assign the first logical network a network identifier (ID). The cloud network server may further generate a set of security keys, which may include one or more security keys. For example, the server may generate a unique key for the network device and a separate unique key for the access device. The server may associate the network device and the access device with the logical network by storing the network ID and the set of security keys in a record or profile. The cloud network server may then transmit the network ID and the set of security keys to the network device. The network device may store the network ID and its unique security key. The network device may also send the network ID and the access device's unique security key to the access device. The network device and the access device may then communicate with the cloud server using the network ID and the unique key generated for each device. Accordingly, the user may remotely access the network device via the cloud network without logging in each time access is requested. Also, the network device can communicate with the server regarding the logical network.

In some embodiments, a local area network may include multiple gateways (e.g., a router and a range extender) and multiple network devices. For example, a local area network may include a first gateway paired with a first network device, and a second gateway paired with a second network device. In the event credentials for each gateway are used to create a logical network, a server (e.g., a cloud network server) may register the first gateway as a first logical network and may register the second gateway as a second logical network. The server may generate a first network ID and a first set of security keys for the first logical network. The first set of security keys may include a unique security key for the first network device and a unique security key for the access device for use in accessing the first network device on the first logical network. The server may register the second gateway as the second logical network due to differences in the credentials between the first gateway and second gateway. The server may assign the second gateway a second network ID and may generate a second set of security keys. For example, the server may generate a unique security key for the second network device and may generate a unique security key for the access device for use in accessing the second network device on the second logical network. The server may associate the first network device and the access device with the first logical network by storing the first network ID and the first set of security keys in a first record or profile. The server may also associate the second network device and the access device with the second logical network by storing the second network ID and the second set of security keys in a record or profile. The server may then transmit the first network ID and the first set of security keys to the first network device, and may transmit the second network ID and the second set of security keys to the second network device. The two network devices may store the respective network ID and set of security keys of the gateway with which each network device is connected. Each network device may send the respective network ID and the access device's unique security key to the access device. The network devices and the access device may then communicate with the cloud server using the respective network ID and the unique key generated for each device.

Accordingly, when multiple gateways are included in the home local area network, multiple logical networks associated with different network identifiers may be generated for the local area network. When the access device is located within range of both gateways in the local area network, there is no problem accessing both network devices due to the ability of the access device to perform local discovery techniques (e.g., universal plug and play (UPnP)). However, when the user is located remotely from the local area network, the access device may only be associated with one logical network at a time, which prevents the access device from accessing network devices of other logical networks within the local area network.

Accordingly, techniques and systems are described herein for dynamically registering and distributing resource bundles for interfaces for network devices. Whether located locally or remotely, a user may thus access all network devices in the local area network using registered and distributed interfaces for the network devices within a single application. However, when the user is located remotely from the local area network, the mobile device may only be associated with network devices that were previously discovered, which prevents an access device, such as a mobile device, from accessing or controlling newly discovered network devices within the local area network. Accordingly, techniques and systems are described herein for providing resource bundles defining interfaces for controlling network devices using an application installed on an access device associated with a wireless network. The techniques and systems can use a developer account and a cloud based service for registering and distributing uniquely identified resource bundles for network devices. An interface developer having a developer account can upload a resource bundle for a network device to a cloud-based interface resource bundle registration and discovery service.

In certain embodiments, an application installed on an access device has a graphical interface, and the application is configured to execute interface modules usable to monitor and control respective network devices in a local area network. For example, the access device can be a mobile device configured to dynamically discover network devices within the network, obtain resource bundles corresponding to discovered network devices, and display, within the graphical interface, interactive elements appropriate for controlling the particular discovered network devices. In some embodiments, a cloud-based service provides a registered resource bundle that is specific to a given network device. For example, the resource bundle can define primary and secondary functionalities and their settings that are controllable via an interface within an application, wherein the interface for each network device includes information identifying the network device and interactive elements for controlling and monitoring the network device. According to some embodiments, the interfaces can be displayed by a single application installed on an access device. In certain embodiments, the access device can be a mobile device having a touch screen display or a network gateway having browser interface. A resource bundle for a given network device can be developed by a manufacturer of the network device and/or a third party developer. The resource bundle can then be uniquely identified and uploaded to a server (e.g., a cloud network server) so that when that network device is subsequently discovered to be on a network, the server can provide the resource bundle to an access device, such as a mobile device, used to monitor and control the network device. According to embodiments, resource bundles for newly discovered network devices are identified and transmitted to an access device.

In some embodiments, resource bundles are dynamically registered and distributed in order to provide a single visual interface including a navigable list of tiles, each tile representing one discovered, controllable network device. For instance, the navigable list can be a scrollable table of tiles with each tile including a collection of independent user interface elements for monitoring and/or controlling functionalities of a respective discovered network device. In some embodiments, each resource bundle defines an icon representing a network device, indicates a name of the device, and defines one or more interactive elements for interactively controlling and/or monitoring the network device. In certain embodiments, interfaces defined by resource bundles can include textual and/or graphical elements that convey state or status information for a network device. According to an embodiment, each resource bundle defines an interface that has a consistent look and feel with respect to other interfaces rendered within a sortable list of network devices by a single application used to control the devices. For example, each interface can have a similar layout with icons having substantially the same sizes, text such as device names and status indicators having similar font types and sizes, and similar color schemes or palettes. Depending on the properties and functionalities of a network device being controlled, an interface for the network device can include one or more interactive elements usable to control a primary functionality of the device. For example, an interface implemented as a tile may include a button, a toggle switch, a dial, and/or a slider element that can be selected in order to control primary functionalities such as turning a network device on and off. In certain embodiments, the status or state of a network device can be indicated within the tile with text and/or graphically. For instance, coloring or shading of an interactive element, such as a power button element, can indicate whether a network device is connected to the network, powered off, on, restarting, or in a standby, sleep or hibernation mode. In accordance with these examples, part of a power button interface element in the tile can be shaded green when the device is powered on, red or un-shaded when the device is off, and pulsating and/or yellow when the device is in a transitional state. Examples of devices in transitional states include devices that are booting up, restarting, connecting to a network, or re-connecting to the network. In additional or alternative embodiments, the state of a network device can be conveyed by text displayed within a modular visual interface. For example, for a sensor device, text indicating the time and sensor-specific type of the most-recent activity detected (i.e., motion, temperature, sound, a change in air pressure, presence of a gas, presence of smoke, presence of a device, presence of a person, or presence of a liquid) can be indicated as a text message within a tile.

In some embodiments, interfaces defined by resource bundles can include menus or drawers. The menus can include a contextual menu relating to a primary level functionality of a network device. For instance, an interface associated with device having one or more secondary functionalities can include a sub-menu for selecting settings for such functionalities. For example, a tile can include a small drawer that displays options for secondary functionalities in response to a selection made for a primary functionality for a network device. In certain embodiments, small drawers can display secondary settings, including a default, implied secondary setting for a network device, wherein the implied secondary setting is tied to a setting selected for a primary function. For instance, if a network device having secondary operational modes is turned on via selection of an interactive element in its tile, an otherwise hidden drawer can be temporarily displayed with a default secondary setting and interactive elements for selecting the other secondary settings. For example, interactive interface elements within the menus can correspond to controls and sub-controls of a network device. In some embodiments, controls correspond to primary functionalities of a network device, such as, for example, turning the device on or off. According to embodiments, sub-controls can correspond to secondary or tertiary functionalities of a network device, such as, for example, a brightness setting, a temperature setting, a speed (e.g., high, medium, or low), or an operational mode (e.g., an eco setting).

In some embodiments, interfaces defined by resource bundles that are associated with a network device having one or more tertiary or extended functionalities can include full menus with sub-controls for selecting settings for such functionalities. The full menus can be drop down menus or drawers including interactive elements for setting any secondary or tertiary functionality of a network device. For instance, an interface for a device having extended operational modes and/or tertiary functionalities and can include a full drawer with interactive elements for scheduling operation of the device (i.e., setting on/off times), selecting auto off timeouts or thresholds, and/or selecting settings for putting the device into a standby, hibernate, or sleep mode. The full menus can be drop down drawers that display historical data associated with the device, such as, for example, past usage and operations information, power consumption history, and/or a last known status of the device.

In certain embodiments, resource bundles are dynamically registered and distributed by performing the following steps. First, a resource bundle for a particular network device is designed by a developer, uniquely identified, and uploaded to a resource bundle registration and discovery service. In one embodiment, the resource bundle registration and discovery service is a cloud-based service. The resource bundle can define an interface including, for example, a name of the network device, an icon for the network device, and one or more interactive elements usable to change settings for the network device. A network device may only have primary settings and functionalities. One example of a primary setting is toggling the network device on and off. The settings can be displayed in hierarchical, contextual sub-menus of a tile. For example, a network device can have primary, secondary, and tertiary settings corresponding to primary, secondary, and tertiary controls or functionalities. An interface for such a device can include a sub-menu usable to select secondary settings, where the sub-menu is displayed in response to receiving a selection of a primary setting. Similarly, another menu can be displayed with tertiary settings in response to receiving a selection of a secondary setting. Next, after discovering the network device in a network, the network device's unique ID is determined, and the unique ID is used to retrieve the resource bundle. This step can be performed by a mobile device and/or a gateway. When an application on the mobile device or a web site for the gateway is launched, the resource bundle registration and discovery service retrieves the resource bundle defining an interface designed for control of the newly discovered network device in a dynamic and real time fashion from the resource bundle registration and discovery service, and displays the interface. The application on the access device is configured to concurrently display interfaces for a multiple network devices without requiring an application reinstallation, upgrade, or update.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a local area network 100. The local area network 100 includes network device 102, network device 104, and network device 106. In some embodiments, the network devices 102, 104, 106 may include home automation network devices that allow a user to access, control, and/or configure various home appliances located within the user's home (e.g., a television, radio, light, fan, humidifier, space heater, air conditioner, sensor, microwave, iron, and/or the like), or outside of the user's home (e.g., exterior motion sensors, exterior lighting, garage door openers, sprinkler systems, or the like). For example, network device 102 may include a home automation switch that may be coupled with a home appliance. In some embodiments, network devices such as a home automation network device may be used in other environments, such as a business, a school, an establishment, a park, or any place that can support the local area network 100 to enable communication with network devices. For example, a network device can allow a user to access, control, and/or configure devices, such as office-related devices (e.g., copy machine, printer, fax machine, or the like), audio and/or video related devices (e.g., a receiver, a speaker, a projector, a DVD player, a television, or the like), media-playback devices (e.g., a compact disc player, a CD player, or the like), computing devices (e.g., a home computer, a laptop computer, a tablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computing device, a wearable device, or the like), lighting devices (e.g., a lamp, recessed lighting, or the like), devices associated with a security system, devices associated with an alarm system, devices that can be operated in an automobile (e.g., radio devices, navigation devices), and/or the like.

A user may communicate with the network devices 102, 104, 106 using an access device 108. The access device 108 may include any human-to-machine interface with network connection capability that allows access to a network. For example, the access device 108 may include a stand-alone interface (e.g., a cellular telephone, a smartphone, a home computer, a laptop computer, a tablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computing device, a wearable device such as a smart watch, a wall panel, a keypad, or the like), an interface that is built into an appliance or other device e.g., a television, a refrigerator, a security system, a game console, a browser, or the like), a speech or gesture interface (e.g., a Kinect™ sensor, a Wiimote™, or the like), an internet of things (IoT) device interface (e.g., an Internet enabled appliance such as a wall switch, a control interface, or the like). While only a single access device 108 is shown in FIG. 1, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that multiple access devices may communicate with the network devices 102, 104, 106. The user may interact with the network devices 102, 104, or 106 using an application, a web browser, a proprietary program, or any other program executed and operated by the access device 108. In some embodiments, the access device 108 may communicate directly with the network devices 102, 104, 106 (e.g., communication signal 116). For example, the access device 108 may communicate directly with network device 102, 104, 106 using Zigbee™ signals, Bluetooth™ signals, WiFi™ signals, infrared (IR) signals, or the like. In some embodiments, the access device 108 may communicate with the network devices 102, 104, 106 via the gateways 110, 112 (e.g., communication signal 118) and/or the cloud network 114 (e.g., communication signal 120).

The local area network 100 may include a wireless network, a wired network, or a combination of a wired and wireless network. A wireless network may include any wireless interface or combination of wireless interfaces (e.g., Zigbee™, Bluetooth™, WiFi™, IR, cellular, long-term evolution (LTE), WiMax™, or the like). A wired network may include any wired interface (e.g., fiber, ethernet, powerline ethernet, ethernet over coaxial cable, digital signal line (DSL), or the like). The wired and/or wireless networks may be implemented using various routers, access points, bridges, gateways, or the like, to connect devices in the local area network 100. For example, the local area network may include gateway 110 and gateway 112. Gateway 110 or 112 can provide communication capabilities to network devices 102, 104, 106 and/or access device 108 via radio signals in order to provide communication, location, and/or other services to the devices. While two gateways 110 and 112 are shown in FIG. 1, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that any number of gateways may be present within the local area network 100.

The network access provided by gateway 110 and gateway 112 may be of any type of network familiar to those skilled in the art that can support data communications using any of a variety of commercially available protocols. For example, gateways 110, 112 may provide wireless communication capabilities for the local area network 100 using particular communications protocols, such as WiFi™ (e.g., IEEE 802.11 family standards, or other wireless communication technologies, or any combination thereof). Using the communications protocol(s), the gateways 110, 112 may provide radio frequencies on which wireless enabled devices in the local area network 100 can communicate. A gateway may also be referred to as a base station, an access point, Node B, Evolved Node B (eNodeB), access point base station, a Femtocell, home base station, home Node B, home eNodeB, or the like. The gateways 110, 112 may include a router, a modem, a range extender, and/or any other device that provides network access among one or more computing devices and/or external networks. For example, gateway 110 may include a router and gateway 112 may include a range extender.

The gateways 110 and 112 may also provide the access device 108 and the network devices 102, 104, 106 with access to one or more external networks, such as the cloud network 114, the Internet, and/or other wide area networks. The cloud network 114 may include a cloud infrastructure system that provides cloud services. In certain embodiments, services provided by the cloud network 114 may include a host of services that are made available to users of the cloud infrastructure system on demand, such as registration and access control of network devices 102, 104, 106. Services provided by the cloud infrastructure system can dynamically scale to meet the needs of its users. The cloud network 114 may comprise one or more computers, servers, and/or systems. In some embodiments, the computers, servers, and/or systems that make up the cloud network 114 are different from the user's own on-premises computers, servers, and/or systems. For example, the cloud network 114 may host an application, and a user may, via a communication network such as the Internet, on demand, order and use the application.

In some embodiments, the cloud network 114 may host a Network Address Translation (NAT) Traversal application in order to establish a secure connection between the cloud network 114 and one or more of the network devices 102, 104, 106. For example, a separate secure Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection may be established by each network device 102, 104, 106 for communicating between each network device 102, 104, 106 and the cloud network 114. In some embodiments, each secure connection may be kept open for an indefinite period of time so that the cloud network 114 can initiate communications with each respective network device 102, 104, or 106 at any time. In some cases, other types of communications between the cloud network 114 and the network devices 102, 104, 106 and/or the access device 108 may be supported using other types of communication protocols, such as a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) protocol, a Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) protocol, or the like. In some embodiments, communications initiated by the cloud network 114 may be conducted over the TCP connection, and communications initiated by a network device may be conducted over a HTTP or HTTPS connection. In certain embodiments, the cloud network 114 may include a suite of applications, middleware, and database service offerings that are delivered to a customer in a self-service, subscription-based, elastically scalable, reliable, highly available, and secure manner.

It should be appreciated that the local area network 100 may have other components than those depicted. Further, the embodiment shown in the figure is only one example of a local area network that may incorporate an embodiment of the invention. In some other embodiments, local area network 100 may have more or fewer components than shown in the figure, may combine two or more components, or may have a different configuration or arrangement of components.

Upon being powered on or reset, the network devices 102, 104, 106 may be registered with the cloud network 114 and associated with a logical network within the local area network 100. FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a process 200 for registering one or more network devices, such as the network devices 102, 104, 106 illustrated in FIG. 1. When multiple network devices 102, 104, 106 and gateways 110, 112 are included within a local area network, the network devices and/or gateways may be installed at different times, resulting in the techniques described with respect to FIG. 2 possibly occurring for each network device and/or gateway at different points in time. For example, a user may install network device 102 at a first point in time on a first floor of the user's house. Gateway 110 may also be located on the first floor, resulting in the network device 102 pairing with gateway 110. The user may later install gateway 112 and network device 106 on a second floor of the user's home, resulting in the network device 106 pairing with gateway 112.

At 202, a network device may detect one or more gateways upon being powered on or reset. In some embodiments, a provisioning process may occur when the network device is powered on or reset and detected by an access device (e.g., access device 108). During the provisioning process, the access device may directly communicate with the network device. In some embodiments, direct communication between network devices (e.g., network devices 102, 104, 106) and access device (e.g., access device 108) may occur using various communications protocols, such as Universal Plug and Play (UPnP), Bluetooth®, Zigbee®, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), WiFi-Direct, WiFi, Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE), sound frequencies, and/or the like.

The provisioning process may include pairing the network device with a gateway and registering the gateway, network device, and access device with a server, such as a server located within the cloud network 114. For example, upon being powered on or reset to factory settings, the network device may send or broadcast identification information to one or more access devices. The identification information may be sent during a discovery process. For example, the identification information may be sent in response to a discovery request from an access device. In some cases, the identification information may include a name of the network device.

An application, program, or the like that is installed on and executed by the access device may receive the identification information from the network device. When the application on the access device is launched by a user, the access device may display the identification information for selection by the user. Once the network device identification information is selected, the access device may send a signal to the network device indicating that it has been selected. The network device may then send to the access device a list of gateways that are detected by the network device. The access device may receive and display the list of gateways. In some embodiments, the list of gateways includes multiple gateways (e.g., gateways 110 and 112) that are located within the local area network. The user may select the gateway that the user wishes for the network device to pair. For example, the gateway that provides the best signal strength for the network device may be selected. The access device may then prompt the user to enter login information that is required for accessing the network signals provided by the selected gateway. For example, the login information may be the same information that was originally set up to access the gateway network signals (e.g., when the gateway was initially installed). Once entered, the access device may send the login information to the network device. The network device may use the login information to pair with the selected gateway. As one example, network device 102 and network device 104 may be paired with gateway 110, and network device 106 may be paired with gateway 112.

Once paired with a gateway, the network device may be registered with a cloud network (e.g., cloud network 114). For example, the access device (e.g., via the application, program, or the like) may instruct the network device to register with the cloud network upon receiving confirmation from the network device that it has been successfully paired with a gateway. At 204, the network device may obtain credentials from the gateway as part of the registration process. For example, network device 102 may obtain credentials from gateway 110. At a same or later point in time, network devices 104 and 106 may obtain credentials from gateways 110 and 112, respectively. In some embodiments, the credentials may include a SSID of the local area network and a MAC address of the gateway. An SSID received from two gateways (e.g., gateways 110, 112) may be the same due to the gateways both being within the same local area network. In some cases, the SSID of the two gateways may be different. The MAC address of each of the gateways may be unique to each gateway. As a result of each gateway having a unique MAC address, the credentials obtained from a gateway may be unique to that particular gateway. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other credentials may be obtained from a gateway, such as an Internet Protocol address, or the like.

The network device may then send the gateway credentials to the cloud network at 206. For example, the network devices 102, 104, 106 may send credentials for the gateway with which each is paired to the server located within the cloud network 114. For example, network device 102 may transmit the credentials obtained from gateway 110 to the server, and network device 106 may transmit the credentials obtained from gateway 112 to the server. In some embodiments, the network device may also send information relating to the network device (e.g., MAC address, serial number, make, model number, firmware version, and/or an interface module identifier, or the like) to the server, and/or information relating to the access device (e.g., MAC address, serial number, application unique identifier, or the like) to the server. In some embodiments, the communication of the credentials, the network device information, and/or the access device information sent from the network device to the cloud network server may be in a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) format, a Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) format, a secure Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) format, or the like. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other communication formats may be used to communicate between the network device and the cloud network server.

Once the credentials, network device information, and/or access device information are received by the server, the server may register each gateway as a logical network within the local area network and may generate a network ID for each logical network. For example, the server may register the gateway 110 as a first logical network. During the registration process, the server may generate a first network ID for identifying the first logical network. As noted above, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that any number of gateways may be present within the local area network, and thus that any number of logical networks may be registered for the local area network. The server may further generate a first set of security keys for authenticating the network device and the access device. For example, the server may generate a unique key for the network device 102 and a separate unique key for the access device 108.

In some embodiments, as previously described, network device 104 may also be paired with gateway 110 at the same or a later point in time as the network device 102. During registration of the network device 104, the server may determine that the access device 108 has already been registered with another network device (e.g., network device 102) that is associated with the same logical network of gateway 110. In such embodiments, the server may retrieve the first network ID that was used in registering the first logical network. The server may also generate a new unique security key for the network device 104, and may retrieve the unique key that was previously generated for the access device 108 when registering the gateway 110 as the first logical network.

The gateway 112 may also be registered by the server as a second logical network with a second network ID. A second set of security keys may be generated for the network device 106 and the access device 108. For example, the server may generate a unique security key for the network device 106 and a unique security key for the access device 108 as it relates to the second logical network. In some embodiments, the gateway may 112 be installed at a later point in time after the gateway 110 is installed, and thus may be registered as the second logical network at the later point in time.

A record or profile may then be created for associating each network ID with the credentials of a corresponding gateway, the corresponding network device(s), and the access device. For example, the server of the cloud network 114 may associate the first network ID with the credentials of gateway 110. Similarly, the server may associate the second network ID with the credentials of gateway 112. In some embodiments, the server performs the association by generating and storing a record including the network ID, the set of security keys, the gateway credentials, the network devices associated with the network ID (e.g., MAC address or serial number of a network device), the access devices associated with the network ID (e.g., MAC address, serial number, application unique identifier, or the like), and/or any other information relevant to the network devices and/or gateways. For example, the server may store the first network ID and the first set of security keys in a first record at a first memory space (e.g., in Flash, DRAM, a database, or the like) along with the SSID and MAC address for gateway 110 and an identifier of the network devices 102 and/or 104. The server may also store the second network ID and the second set of security keys in a second record at a second memory space along with the SSID and MAC address for gateway 112 and an identifier of the network device 106. In some embodiments, an example of a network device identifier may include a MAC address of the network device, a serial number of the network device, or any other unique identifier.

Each of the first and second network IDs may include a unique number or alphanumeric string generated sequentially or randomly. For example, the first time a network device and an associated gateway are registered on the cloud network 114, the unique network ID for the logical network of the gateway may start with 7000000. Each subsequent logical network that is created may be a sequential increment of the initial network ID (e.g., 7000001, 7000002, 7000003, etc.). As another example, the network ID may be generated by a random or pseudo-random number generator. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other techniques for generating a unique ID may be used. The technique used to generate the network IDs may be dependent on a type of database that is included in the cloud network 114. For example, different databases may have different proprietary mechanisms for creating a unique identifier.

The set of keys generated for each logical network may be generated using database specific technique. For example, a MySQL technique may be used to generate the sets of keys. Each key may include a universally unique identifier (UUID) or a globally unique identifier (GUID). As described above, for each logical network, the server may generate a unique key for a network device and a separate unique key for an access device.

At 208, the network device may receive the network ID and the set of security keys. For example, once the server has generated a record or profile associating the network device 102 with the first logical network, the server may transmit the first network ID and the first set of security keys to the network device 102. The network device 102 may store the first network ID and one or more keys of the first set of keys. For example, the network device 102 may store the unique security key that was created by the server for the network device 102.

As noted previously, the network devices 102, 104, 106 and gateways 110, 112 may be installed at different times. For example, in some embodiments, network device 104 may be installed at a point in time after the first logical network is created based on the pairing between gateway 110 and network device 102. In such embodiments, upon being powered on, the network device 104 may pair with gateway 110, obtain credentials from gateway 110, and transmit the credentials to the server in the cloud network 114 using similar techniques as those described above. The server may associate the network device 104 with the previously generated first network ID. As described above, the server may also generate a new unique security key for the network device 104, and may retrieve the unique key that was previously generated for the access device 108 when registering the first logical network. The network device 104 may then receive and store the first network ID and the security keys from the server.

At 210, the network device may send the network ID and the set of security keys to the access device. For example, the network device 102 may send to the access device 108 the first network ID and the unique security key generated for the access device 108. The network device 102 and the access device 108 may then communicate with the cloud network server using the first network ID and each device's unique key. In some embodiments, the network device and the access device may generate a signature using their respective security key. The signature is sent to the cloud network server along with a communication from the network device or access device. The cloud network server may process the signature in order to authenticate each device, as described below. The network device and access device may use different techniques to generate a signature.

A network device may generate a signature using its uniquely generated security key. For example, the signature may be expressed as: Authorization=MacAddress“:”Signature“:”ExpirationTime. The Authorization term may be an attribute, and the MacAddress, Signature, and ExpirationTime terms may include values for the Authorization attribute. In particular, the MacAddress value may include the MAC address of the network device, which may include a unique alphanumeric or numeric string. The network device may retrieve its MAC address from memory and place it in the MacAddress field. The Signature value may be expressed as: Signature=Base64(HMAC-SHA1(PrivateKey, StringToSign)). The Signature value may include an alphanumeric or numeric string. HMAC-SHA1 is an open source technique that includes a Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) using a SHA1 hash function. The HMAC-SHA1 technique uses the values PrivateKey and StringToSign as inputs. The PrivateKey input includes the unique security key that was generated by the server for the network device. The StringToSign input may be expressed as StringToSign=MacAddress+“\n”+SerialNumber+“\n”+ExpirationTime. Accordingly, the StringToSign input is generated by appending a serial number of the network device and an expiration time to the network device's MAC address. The ExpirationTime term may indicate the period of time for which the signature is valid. In some embodiments, the ExpirationTime term may include a current time at which the signature is generated plus period of time for which the signature is valid. In one example, the ExpirationTime term may be expressed as ExpirationTime=Number of seconds since Jan. 1, 1970.

The network device may place the signature in a data packet for transmission with a communication signal to the cloud network server. The network device may also place the network ID in the data packet. The signature and the network ID, if included, may be used by the cloud network server to verify that the network device is associated with the logical network. In some embodiments, a signature is provided with each communication sent from the network device to the server. Once the signature is received by the server, the server generates a signature using the same expression as that used by the network device. For example, the server may retrieve the network device's key and other relevant information from storage and generate the signature using the key and the other information using the expression described above. The server then verifies whether the signatures match. Upon determining that the signatures match, the server authenticates the network device's communication.

An access device may also generate a signature using its uniquely generated security key. For example, the access device signature may be expressed as: Authorization=SDU UniqueId“:”Signature“:”ExpirationTime. The Authorization term may be an attribute, and the SDU UniqueId, Signature, and ExpirationTime terms may include values for the Authorization attribute. The SDU UniqueId term may include a unique phone identifier. The SDU UniqueId value may depend on the type of access device that is used and the type of values that may be accessed and/or generated by the type of access device. In some cases, one type of access device may not allow an application to access a unique identifier of the access device (e.g., a serial number, UUID, or the like). In such cases, the SDU UniqueId value may include a value generated by an application or program installed on and executed on the access device that is used to access the network device. The value may be unique to the application or program that generated the value. In other cases, another type of access device may allow an application to access a unique identifier of the access device. In such cases, the SDU UniqueId value may include a value that is unique to the access device itself, such as a serial number, UUID, or the like. In this example, the access device may retrieve the unique value from storage within the access device. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other unique identifiers may be used to uniquely identify the access device. The Signature value may be expressed as: Signature=Base64(HMAC-SHA1(PrivateKey, StringToSign)). Using this expression, the input to the HMAC-SHA1 technique may include a PrivateKey term and a StringToSign term. The PrivateKey input includes the unique security key that was generated by the server for the access device with regard to a particular logical network. The StringToSign input may be expressed as StringToSign=UniqueId+“\n”+“\n”+Expiration Time. The StringToSign value is different from the StringToSign value generated by network device in that no serial number is included. Accordingly, the StringToSign input is generated by appending an expiration time to the access device's unique identifier. The ExpirationTime term may indicate the period of time for which the signature is valid, similar to that above for the signature generated by the network device.

The access device may place the signature in a data packet and may transmit the data packet to the cloud network server with a communication signal. The network device may also place the network ID in the data packet. The signature and the network ID, if included, may be used by the cloud network server to verify that the access device is associated with the logical network and authorized to communicate with one or more network devices associated with the logical network. In some embodiments, a signature is provided with each communication sent from the access device to the server. The cloud server may receive the signature and may generate a signature using the same expression as that used by the access device. For example, the server may retrieve the access device's key and other relevant information from storage and generate the signature using the key and the other information using the expression described above. The server then verifies whether the signatures match. Upon determining that the signatures match, the server authenticates the access device and allows it to communicate with one or more of the network devices associated with logical network.

Once the provisioning process is completed, the access device 108 may access the network device 102 locally via the gateway 110 (e.g., communication signal 118) or remotely via the cloud network 114 (e.g., communication signal 120). In some embodiments, the communication between the access device 108 and the cloud network 114 may be a HTTP or HTTPS communication. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other communication mechanisms may be used to communicate between the access device 108 and the cloud network 114.

The network 100 may enable a user to monitor and/or control operation of the devices 102 and 104. For example, a user may monitor and/or control operation of devices by interacting with a visual interface of the gateway 110 (i.e., a web page for gateway 110) and/or a visual interface rendered on a display of an access device, such as access device 108. In some embodiments, an application may be run on the access device. The application may cause the access device to present a graphical interface that includes a visual interface for each device accessible on the network 100.

A network device may generate and/or provide a “status” of the network device. In certain embodiments, the status or state of a network device can be indicated on a visual interface on the access device, for example within the tile with text and/or graphically. The status of the network device can change based on time (e.g., a period, an interval, or other time schedule). The status of a network device may be any piece of information pertinent to that particular network device. The status of a network device may be any changeable variable of that particular network device. For example, the status of a network device may include a state of the network device itself (e.g., on or off) or how the network device is situated within the network with respect to the other network and other network devices throughout the network. For example, the status of a network device may refer to the network device's proximity to another network device and/or its ability to communicate with another network device because of the relative signal strength between the two network devices. In certain embodiments, the status can include a value or some other information indicating a unit of measure for a setting or an attribute related to operation of a device connected to the network device. The setting or the attribute can be adjustable within a range of values. For example, the device connected to the network device can be a light bulb and the status can include a value corresponding to brightness (e.g., a percentage of total brightness) emitted by the light bulb when the light bulb is powered-on. In another example, the device can be a motion sensor and the status can include a value corresponding to sensitivity of the sensor in a range of values between 0 and 100 when the sensor is powered-on. In yet another example, the device can be a fan and the status can include a value corresponding to a speed of the fan on a scale of 0 to 100 when the fan is powered-on.

As described above, upon being powered on or reset, the network devices 102 and/or 104 may be registered with the cloud network 114 and associated with a logical network within the local area network 100. Similarly, upon being powered or switched off or otherwise being disconnected from the network 100, the status of the network device 102 would be known and stored by a cache (not shown) associated with the network 100. For example, cloud network 114 may include storage (e.g. cache) that stores the status of the network devices within each local area network 100 it is connected to and/or provides access to. In another example, the gateway 110 may include storage that stores the status of the network devices within each local area network it is connected to and/or provides access to. More specifically, the status stored in the cache may include a status table which indicates the current status of each network device (as of its last communication with each network device). A status table may include all statuses of each network device, or individual storage tables for each local area network or other subset of its network devices/networks. In one embodiment, a change in status may prompt the network device to push its change in in status to the cloud network 114 for storage or updating of the cloud's stored status table. In another embodiment, cloud network 114 and/or gateway 110 may continuously (or periodically) communicate with each network device to check to see if its status has changed.

In some embodiments, a network device (e.g. network device 102 and/or 104) may, upon connecting to the local area network 100, check the status of the network devices on the network 100. In other embodiments, one-network device may check the status of one or more of the other network devices on the network 100. The network device may seek to check the status of another network device or access device for various reasons, including to display such status(es) to a user on a display or otherwise, to check whether that network device belongs to the same network, to synchronize or coordinate any scheduled executions, to update an attribute based on adjustment received among others. For example, a network device or user may desire to check various statuses on a connected device, such as power level, time stamped activity history (e.g. temperature for a thermostat, motion for a motion detector, etc.), how long it has been active/turned on, attributes for operation of the connected device (e.g., a brightness of a lamp, a speed of a fan, or a sensitivity of a sensor, etc.), among many others.

In some embodiments, a device, such as the access device 108 shown in FIG. 1 or the gateway 110, connected to the network 100 can communicate an updated status of a network device, such as the network devices 102 and/or 104. The updated status can be communicated via the network 100 and can include an adjustment that affects a status of the network device. The adjustment can include an amount of change to one or more attributes, one or more settings, or a combination thereof related to operation of the network device connected to the network 100. The access device 108 or the gateway 110 can present a graphical interface that can receive input corresponding to an adjustment to a status of a device. In some embodiments, the updated status of the network device communicated to the network 100 can be received by a network device to which the updated status applies, or can be received by the gateway 110, the cloud network 114, or any other device in communication with the network. If the device cannot directly receive the updated status, it can also receive the updated status from the cloud network 114, the gateway 110, or the other devices in the network 100. In some embodiments, the network device can communicate its updated status to the network 100, which can indicate whether the status has been updated. The updated status can be received by the access device or any other device in the network 100. In some embodiments where the access device is not located within the network 100, the access device may not immediately receive the updated status. The updated status can be stored by the cloud network 114 or the gateway 110 for communication to the access device. The status of the network device can indicate whether an adjustment was made based on an adjustment in a setting or an attribute transmitted by the access device. Alternatively, or additionally, the access device can receive, from any other network device connected to the network 100, a status update indicating whether the adjustment was in fact made at a network device.

A network device seeking to check the status of any other device on the network 100 may communicate with the cloud network 114, to which all devices on the network 100 are connected either directly or indirectly. Since the cloud network 114 and/or the gateway 110 can store an updated table/list of the statuses of each of the network devices 102 and 104 within the requesting network's local area network, the cloud network 114 and/or gateway 110 may communicate such status data to the network devices 102 and 104 and the access device. For example, if-network devices 102 and 104 were to each turn on and communicate their statuses to cloud network 114, cloud network 114 may analyze the status of network devices 102 and 104 and communicate to network devices 102 and 104 that they are each connected to the same local area network 100.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a network 300, according to embodiments of the present invention. Specifically, the network 300 can be a wireless local area network enabling an access device to communicate with network devices to control adjustment of attributes related to operation of the network devices. Network 300 includes network device 302, network device 304, network device 306, and network device 308. In some embodiments, each of the devices 302, 304, and 306 may include a home automation network device that allow a user to access, control, and/or configure various appliances, such as a television, a space heater, a radio, a light, an electrical switch, a fan, a humidifier, a sensor, a microwave oven, an iron, and/or the like. For example, device 302 may be configured to enable control of a fan, device 304 may be configured to enable control of a motion sensor, device 306 may be configured to enable control of a light, and device 308 may be configured to enable control of an electrical switch. The network 300 also includes access device 108. In other words, the network 300 may be substantially similar to the network 100 except that access device 108 has been turned on near the network 300, to which it is associated, or has entered the an area to which the network 300 can reach.

When access device 108 can enter the network 300 as shown in FIG. 3, access device 108 may be authenticated based on the access device's authentication with the logical network or may otherwise commence communication with cloud network 114. Access device 108 may also communicate notification of its presence or other information directly to other network devices 302-308 within network 300, as shown in FIG. 3 by communication paths 330. As noted, such communication may include various communications protocols, such as Universal Plug and Play (UPnP), Bluetooth®, Zigbee®, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), WiFi-Direct, WiFi, Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE), sound frequencies, and/or the like. For example, access device 108 may communicate to all other devices in network 300, including network device 302, network device 304, network device 306, and network device 308, information/data regarding its status. Such status data may include the fact that it is present and turned on, or other status data/information. At any time that network devices 302, 304, 306 and 308 recognize that access device 108 is present at network 300, the network devices may communicate back to access device 108. For example, the network devices may send an acknowledgement (e.g. ACK signal) back to access device 108 to confirm that they received the status data sent by access device 108. The network devices may also send their own status data to access device 108.

While network devices 302-308 and access device 108 may each receive communication from other network devices around the network 300, including the status of each of those network devices, network devices 302-308 and/or access device 108 may be continuously scanning network 300 (including, for example, running discovery algorithms) to determine whether any devices within the network have moved, turned on/off or otherwise added to or subtracted from the network 300, or have otherwise changed statuses.

Since network devices 302-308 and access device 108 may each receive communication from other devices around network 300, including the status of each of those devices, each network device within network 300 may know the status of each other network device in the network 300. For example, access device 108 or devices 302-308 may not be required to communicate with cloud network 114 in order to obtain one or more of such statuses. Since cloud network 114 is an external network and may be remote from network 300, communication between network devices within the network 300 and cloud 114 may take more time than communication between two devices within network 300. For example, communication between devices within network 300 may take anywhere from 1 millisecond to 100 milliseconds, while communication between a device within network 300 and the cloud network 114 may take anywhere from 50 milliseconds to 1 second or more). Furthermore, if a network device is retrieving information from cloud 114, the request must travel from the network device to cloud network 114, and then the information must travel back from cloud network 114 to the network device. This process may double the latency caused by retrieving information with cloud 114. Therefore, devices within the network 300 may choose to send and receive/retrieve statuses directly with other devices within the network 300 instead of communicating such information via cloud network 114. When a network device receives status data from another network device on the device's local area network 300, it may store that status data so that it may retrieve and use that status data at a later time.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a network 400, according to embodiments of the present invention. The local area network 400 may include network device 302, network device 304, network device 306, network device 308, and access device 108. FIG. 4 also illustrates that one or more network devices 302-308 and/or access device 108 may include a storage device, such as a cache, for storing data, including data regarding its own status and data regarding statuses received from the other devices within local area network 400. For example, access device 108 may, after being powered up, broadcast/send its status to network device 308 via communication 434. Network device 308 may store the status data received from access device 108 until the next time access device 108 updates its status by sending new/updated status data to network device 308. Cache may be used for storage within network 400 and/or access devices within the local area network 400 so that each of the devices may be able to quickly retrieve the data it needs from storage. An application operating on the access device 108 can access the cache to obtain information to display the visual interface for each network device 302-308 registered within the network 400. Although a caching device may be used to store such data within the network and/or access devices within the local area network 400, other types of storage may be used.

The cache can contain a known interface list including interface information for different, known types of devices. The known list can include a record for each network device known by the access device 108 to exist on the network 400. When an application is run on the access device 108, the access device 108 can access the known interfaces in the cache to present the display of access device 108. The display can present one or more visual interfaces, each corresponding to a network device known to exist on the network 400. Each visual interface can be generated based on a visual interface module corresponding to each device on the network 400. In an example, the display can include a visual interface (e.g., a module tile) for each device in the network 400 having an interface in the known interface list.

The cache can also contain known status information about each network device in the known device list. When the application is run on the access device 108, the access device 108 can access the known status information in the cache to present a status display. The access device 108 can populate each tile with an indicator representing the respective known status information for each device in the known device list. The status display can include an indicator of one or more attributes, one or more settings, or a combination thereof related to operation of each device in the network 400. For example, the status display can include a speed of a fan (e.g., a fan speed of 56 in a range of values between 0 and 100) of the network device 302 (e.g., a fan), a value of sensitivity of a sensor (e.g., a value of 34 in a range of values 0-100) for the network device 304 (e.g., a motion sensor), a value of brightness (e.g., 65 percent brightness) for the network device 306 (e.g., a light bulb), and a value of temperature (e.g. a slow cooker). Although shown as having a single indicator for an attribute or a setting related to operation of a network device, the status display can present a plurality of indicators corresponding to different attributes and/or settings related to operation of a network device.

In some embodiments, the cache can include other information about a network device. The other information can indicate a device's firmware version, last known firmware update status, connectivity to cloud status, registration status (e.g., whether the network device has a key or not), and other such information. The cache can include information that could be used for troubleshooting. In embodiments described below, the access device 108 can access status information from another other device on the network 400 and can use that information to update its own cache, update the status display, and/or pass the information to the cloud network 114 and/or the gateway 110 for trouble shooting and/or storage.

Even though each network device may know and store (e.g. in cache) the state of each other network device within local area network 400, a network device may not know when another network device changes status (e.g. turns/powers off). However, network devices and/or access devices within local area network 400 may broadcast/send any updates in its status to other devices on the network. For example, if network device 302 changes status, it may send status data to the other network devices, such as network devices 304, 306 and 308 and to access device 108. However, network device 302 may not know which devices to update since the other devices may change statuses periodically (e.g. turn off).

Therefore, a network or access device may subscribe to another network or access device within local area network 400. For example, network devices 304, 306 and 308 and access device 108 may subscribe to status data notifications/updates from network device 302. Such a subscription may be registered for upon initial connection with network device 302 when network device 302 first enters local area network 400 or at any other time after network device 302 has been associated with local area network 400. Subscriptions may be controlled to last indefinitely or may expire after a certain predetermined period of time after initial subscription. However, network devices may re-subscribe to another network device before or after their previous subscription has expired.

Subscriptions between network device and/or access devices may be registered, similar to registering a network device upon initial entrance into the local area network, including security registrations described herein with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2. For example, a network device may send its unique security key, which it may have stored along with its network ID after being registered on the network, to a network device to which it wants to subscribe. However, subscriptions may take on many other forms, including sending a different form of identification to a network device to which a network device wants to subscribe. However, subscriptions may take on many other forms, including sending a different form of identification to a network device to which a network device wants to subscribe.

Upon receiving a subscription from another network device or access device, the device being subscribed to may store a list of the devices that subscribed to it. For example, network device 302 may store a list of network devices 304, 306 and 308 and access device 108 after those devices subscribe to network device 302. Then, when network device 302 undergoes a change in status, network device 302 may send that change in status to only the devices that had previously subscribed to it but where the subscription had not yet expired. Furthermore, according to some embodiments, the subscription list of a network device may be automatically updated if that device receives notification that another device has left the range of the local area network, either from that device itself or from a different device. Therefore, the various devices within a given local area network, such as network 400, each contain continuously updated statuses of each other device on the network and obtain those statuses and updates through direct communication without necessary use of the cloud.

FIG. 5 illustrates an access device 108 that is located remotely from network 500 (e.g. local area network), according to embodiments of the present invention. Local area network 500 includes gateway 110 and network devices 502 and 504 (which may be, for example, the same as any of network devices 302-308 in FIGS. 3 and 4), as shown in FIG. 5. However, network 500 may also include a variety of other network devices and one or more access devices directly connected to network 500. Gateway 110 is connected to cloud network 114, and allows network devices 502 and 504 to connect to cloud network 114, the internet, or other external networks via gateway 110. In some embodiments, the network devices 502 and 504 may include home automation devices that allow a user to access, control, and/or configure various home appliances located within the user's home, such as a television, radio, light, microwave, iron, and/or the like.

Access device 108 is not directly connected to network 500. Instead, access device 108 is external to network 500 and may connect to cloud network 114 and to network 500 via cloud network 114. As noted, network devices 502 and 504 may change status on a periodic basis. In some embodiments, even when external to and not directly connected to network 500, an access device may request to check the status of the devices on the network. When access device 108 seeks to check the status of any device on the network, the access device 108 may transmit/send a communication 536 to the cloud network 114, to which all devices on the network are connected either directly or indirectly via gateway 110. Since the cloud network 114 stores an updated table/list of the statuses of each of the devices within the requesting access device's network, the cloud network 114 may transmit a communication 538 of such status data to the access device 108. For example, after network devices 502 and 504 are turned on, authenticated and are a part of network 500, network devices 502 and 504 may communicate their statuses to cloud network 114. Furthermore, any time the status of network devices 502 and 504 changes, the device that incurred a status change may push/send information (e.g. an indication) of that status change to cloud network 114. Cloud network 114 may store, in cache 526 or otherwise, the statuses (which may be time stamped in metadata or otherwise) of network devices 502 and 504. Therefore, when access device 108 requests from cloud network 114 the statuses of devices on network 500, cloud 114 may send its most recently stored/updated statuses to access device 108.

To obtain the most updated status data of devices within network 500, cloud 114 may, upon receiving a request for status data related to network devices 502 and 504, transmit/send a communication 532 (e.g. request, query, etc.) for such status data to network devices 502 and 504 via gateway 110. Once network devices 502 and 504 receive this request, network devices 502 and 504 may send a communication 534 (e.g. updated status data) to cloud 114 to replace the previously stored/cached statuses in cache 526. Upon receipt of updated status data 534 from network 500, cloud 114 may send a communication 538 of such status data to the access device 108.

However, the process of cloud network 114 requesting updated statuses from network devices 502 and 504 within network 500 may cause latency within the system. More specifically, the time required for cloud network 114 to request updated statuses from network devices 502 and 504 and to in turn receive updated statuses from network devices 502 and 504 may be substantially greater than the time required for cloud network 114 to send its currently stored statuses (without being updated) for network devices 502 and 504 to access device 108. For example, of the total time required for access device 108 to receive updated statuses from cloud network 114, 80% or more of that total time may include cloud network 114 requesting updated statuses from network devices 502 and 504. On the other hand, of the total time required for access device 108 to receive updated statuses from cloud network 114, 20% or more of that total time may include the status data being transmitted from cloud network 114 to access device 108. Since a majority of the process required for access device 108 to request and receive status data for network devices 502 and 504 is the transmission of data between cloud 114 and network devices 502 and 504, the access device 108 and cloud network 114 may maximize efficiency by minimizing the effect of the transmission of data between cloud 114 and network devices 502 and 504 on the whole process/system.

FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment of a process 600 for providing a resource bundle 632 that defines a visual interface module for controlling a network device. As shown, the process 600 can involve exchanging intra-network communications 610 and 612 between multiple network devices 102, 302, 502, 602 and an access device 108. The process 600 can also generate a default interface using a fundamental model describing all supported interactions for a network device. For example, intra-network communication 612 can be sent from network device 102 to access device 108 in response to a query 610. Communication 612 can include information describing interactions that network device 102 supports. In some embodiments, communication 610 includes a set of attributes for each interaction type supported by network device 102. When these attributes are received by access device 108, access device 108 can use the attributes to form a complete and fundamental model describing all interactions for network device 102. This fundamental model can be used by access device 108 to determine a basic, default visual interface for network device 102. For instance, such a model can be used to create a default visual interface in cases where a resource bundle for network device 102 is otherwise unavailable (e.g., when a resource bundle 632 has not been developed for network device 102 and/or access device 108 cannot connect to cloud network 114 to obtain resource bundle 632). In an embodiment, the default visual interface can be included in a known interface list 620 that is locally stored in cache 618 on access device 108.

In one embodiment, a resource bundle 632 can be stored in a memory or cache of a network device, such as a cache accessible by interface device 601 of network device 102. For example, in environments where connectivity to cloud network 114 is unavailable, intermittent, or unreliable, an initial resource bundle 632 stored in cache of network device 102 can be transmitted directly from network device 102 to access device 108. For example, this embodiment may include using communications 610 and 612 to transmit an initial, manufacturer-supplied resource bundle 632 directly from a network device 102 to access device 108 in cases where access device 108 cannot connect to cloud network 114.

As shown, the process 600 may be performed by one or more computing devices, such as network device 102, a server associated with cloud network 114, and access device 108 described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3-5. In some embodiments, the network device 102 is associated with a home automation network, such as the local area network 100 described above with respect to FIGS. 1 and 3-5. Process 600 is illustrated as a data flow diagram, the operation of which represents operations that can be implemented in hardware, computer instructions, or a combination thereof. Gateway 110 is connected to cloud network 114, and allows network device 102 to connect to the cloud network 114, the Internet, or other external networks via gateway 110. In some embodiments, the network device 102 may be a home automation network device that allows a user to access, monitor, control, and/or configure various home appliances located within the user's home, such as a television, radio, light, microwave, iron, space heater, sensor, and/or the like. For example, the user can monitor and control network devices by interacting with a visual interface of the gateway 110 (i.e., a web page for gateway 110) and/or a visual interface rendered on display 622 of the access device 108.

In an embodiment, an application may be run on the access device 108. The application may cause the access device 108 to use a resource bundle to present a display 622 with a modular visual interface for each network device accessible on the local area network 100. When the application is run on the access device 108, the access device 108 can access a cache 618.

The cache 618 can be a local cache located in onboard storage of the access device 108. The cache 618 can contain a known interface list 620 with records 624, 626 and 628 including interface information for different, known types of network devices. The interfaces in interface list 620 can be defined by resource bundles, such as resource bundle 632. In additional or alternative embodiments, one or more of the interfaces in interface list 620 can be a default interface generated using a fundamental model describing all supported interactions for a network device. As shown, each of records 624, 626 and 628 can include a device type, a unique interface module ID, and controls information. The known interface list 620 can include a record for each device known by the access device 108 to exist on the local area network 100. When the application is run on the access device 108, the access device 108 can access the known interfaces 620 in the cache 618 to present the display 622, which lists modular interfaces for each network device on the local area network 100. In an example, the display 622 can include a modular tile for each connected network device having an interface in the known interface list 620. Exemplary communications used to populate cache 618 are described in the following paragraphs.

The process 600 can include exchanging communications 636 and 638 between a third party interface developer 630 and cloud network 114. In response to a request 636 sent from cloud network 114, communication 638 can be sent from a third party interface developer 630 to cloud network 114. In some embodiments, request 636 is not used as part of process 600. For example, a third party developer 630 of a visual interface module for network device 102 may initiate communication 638 to cloud network 114 in order to transmit a resource bundle 632 to cloud network 114. A resource bundle 632 for a given network device can define an interface module for that device.

In one example, communication 638 can include a resource bundle 632 corresponding to network device 102. The resource bundle can be embodied as a structured folder structure whose contents define all visual and interactive elements in a tile for the network device. For example, resource bundle 632 can be a zip file sent from a device manufacturer or a third party developer 630 that is submitted or uploaded to cloud network 114. The resource bundle 632 includes a unique device ID and files 634 defining graphical content of a visual interface module. The graphical content can include definitions of interactive elements for the interface module. The resource bundle can include templates defining interactive control states for each of the interactive elements, language translations for tile text, any menus for the tile, and graphical content of the menus. For example, the resource bundle 632 can define templates, text, and graphical content using a markup language, such as HTMLS. According to an embodiment, after an initial resource bundle 632 is uploaded from developer 630 to cloud network 114 via communications 638, a subsequent request 636. In this embodiment, request 636 is a request from cloud network 114 for an updated resource bundle 632. If an updated resource bundle 632 is available from developer 630, then another communication 638 is sent to upload the an updated resource bundle 632 to cloud network 114.

The process 600 can also include utilizing communications 606 to send respective, unique identifiers for network devices 102, 302, 502, and 602 to a server of cloud network 114. In the example of FIG. 6, network device 302 is a fan, network device 502 is a switch, and network device 602 is a space heater. For simplicity, communications 606 are shown as direct communications between network devices 102, 302, 502, 602 and cloud network 114. However, it is to be understood that in embodiments, communications 606 can be sent from gateway 110 or respective manufacturers of network devices 102, 302, 502, 602 to cloud network 114.

In the example of FIG. 6, communications 606 include respective registration information for network devices 102, 302, 502, 602. For example, communications 606 can include respective, unique device IDs for network devices 102, 302, 502, 602. In some embodiments, the registration information may identify one or more sets of capabilities of network devices 102, 302, 502, 602. The registration information for each network device can include a unique identifier for the network device, a default name of the network device, one or more capabilities of the network device, and one or more discovery mechanisms for the network device.

Communications 606 can be sent as part of the process 600 in order to transmit an indication that network devices 102, 302, 502, and 602 are associated with the network. For example, network device 102 may transmit the indication to the server of the cloud network 114. In some embodiments, the transmitting may include transmitting a unique identifier (ID) for the network device 102. For example, the network device 102 may send a communication to the server indicating a unique device ID for the network device 102. In such embodiments, the server may then determine that a match between the unique device ID and a known resource bundle 632 exists. The cloud network 114 can include a data store 604 of known resource bundles 632.

Access device 108 can request and download a resource bundle 632 for a given network device by exchanging communications 614 and 616 with the cloud network 114. Once the resource bundle 632 is received at access device 108 from the cloud network 114, the bundle can be used to generate a visual interface module. The visual interface module can then be used to render a modular interface within display 622. In an embodiment, the interface module can be stored in cache 618 at access device 108. For example, cache 618 can be used to store a tile database where each record in the database is uniquely identified by a tile ID. In alternative or additional embodiments, cache 618 can be used to store a known interface list 620. As shown in the example of FIG. 6, known interface list 620 can include records 624, 626 and 628 with interface information for different, known types of network devices.

Cloud network 114 can use a unique device ID to determine a resource bundle 632 that corresponds to one of the network devices 102, 302, 502, 602. As shown in FIG. 6, cloud network 114 can access a data store 604 of resource bundles 632. Each resource bundle 632 can define a respective visual interface module for one of the network devices 102, 302, 502, 602. A plurality of uniquely identified resource bundles 632 can be stored in data store 604. For example, each resource bundle 632 in data store 604 can be associated with a unique interface module ID. In an embodiment, data store 604 is a database configured to store resource bundles 632 defining modular tiles for a plurality of network devices, with each of the stored resource bundles 632 being identified by a unique ID. For instance, network device 102 having a unique device identifier may be matched with an existing resource bundle 632 based on comparing information received from the network device 102 with information stored in data store 604. In cases where an existing resource bundle 632 for network device 102 is not found in data store 604, cloud network 114 can use information provided by network device 102 to generate a default interface module, where the information is provided via communication 606 as part of a registration process for network device 102. The generated, default interface module can then be assigned a unique interface module ID and stored in the cloud network 114. In some embodiments, an updated resource bundle 632 can be used to update an existing record stored in data store 604.

After determining the resource bundle 632 and/or the unique interface module ID for network device 102, cloud network 114 sends communication 608 to network device 102 in order to provide a unique interface module ID to the network device 102. In one embodiment, communication 608 can include a unique tile ID corresponding to a modular tile for network device 102 that is defined by a resource bundle 632 stored in data store 604. In some embodiments, communication 608 includes a unique tile ID corresponding to a modular tile defined by a resource bundle 632. Upon receiving communication 608 with the unique interface module ID (e.g., a unique tile ID), the network device 102 can store the unique interface module ID. For example, the unique interface module ID can be stored by an interface device 601 of the network device 102 that is configured to provide the interface module ID to a mobile device or gateway. In an embodiment, the interface device 601 is implemented as a ‘smart module’ in hardware and firmware, such as, for example, a system on a chip (SOC) integrated into the network device 102.

The interface device 601 can include flash memory and dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The flash memory may be used to store instructions or code relating to an operating system, one or more applications, and any firmware. The flash memory may include nonvolatile memory so that any firmware or other program can be can updated. In the event the interface device 601 loses power, information stored in the flash memory may be retained. The DRAM of the interface device 601 may store various other types of information needed to run the interface device 601, such as all runtime instructions or code. The flash memory or DRAM or a combination thereof may include all instructions necessary to communicate with network device 102.

The process 600 can include sending, from the access device 108, intra-network communication 610 including a query, to the network device 102. The query can be a request for information such as a query for capabilities, a request for an identity of the network device 102, and/or a request for a unique interface module ID. For example, communication 610 can be sent from access device 108 to network devices 102, 302, 502, 602 to query network devices 102, 302, 502, 602 about their respective identities and capabilities. In response to the query sent from access device 108, the process 600 can include receiving intra-network communications 612 at the access device 108 with device information for the network devices 102, 302, 502, 602. According to an embodiment, in response to the query, the network devices 102, 302, 502, 602 can send communications 612 to inform the access device 108 of their identities and/or capabilities. For instance, in response to receiving the query, the network device 102 may send communications 612 to the access device 108 with at least a unique interface module ID.

The process 600 can include utilizing intra-network device communications 610 and 612 as part of a discovery process for the network device 102. For example, when the network device 102 is initially connected to the network, it and access device 108 can automatically exchange communications 610 and 612 to provide the access device 108 with information that can be used to determine a basic, default visual interface to be stored in cache 618. In an embodiment, the process 600 can generate a default interface using a fundamental model describing all supported interactions for a given network device. For example, intra-network communication 612 can be sent from network device 102 to access device 108 in response to a query included in communication 610. Communication 612 can include information describing interactions that a given network device (e.g., network device 102) supports. For instance, communication 612 can includes a set of attributes for each interaction type supported by network device 102. When these attributes are received by access device 108, it can use the attributes to form a complete and fundamental model describing all interactions supported by network device 102. This fundamental model can then be used by access device 108 to determine a basic, default visual interface for network device 102. For example, such a model can be used to create a default visual interface in cases where a resource bundle 632 for network device 102 is otherwise unavailable (e.g., when resource bundle 632 has not been developed for network device 102 and/or when access device 108 cannot connect to cloud network 114 to obtain resource bundle 632). In an embodiment, the default visual interface can be included in a known interface list 620 that is locally stored in cache 618 on access device 108.

Within the context of a modular tile framework, embodiments can dynamically render a functional user interface without having to download the appropriate interface template from a remote server, such as a server associated with the cloud network 114, in order to control a newly discovered network device. These embodiments can be used in cases where a connection to the Internet or the cloud network 114 is unavailable or unreliable, and immediate use of a newly discovered network device is desired. In this case, an application on the access device 108 or a stationary device such as gateway 110 could, based on certain information received from the network device 102, dynamically render a functional interface for immediate use. Such a functional interface may not be the ideal, visually optimized, interface that is downloadable from the cloud network 114. However, such a functional interface will suffice until the application is able connect to the Internet and/or the cloud network 114 and subsequently download the appropriate and visually optimized interface module for the network device 102.

In some embodiments, communication 612 may be received when the network device 102 is rebooted (e.g., powered on, reset or restored to default settings, or the like). For example, when the network device 102 is rebooted, it may broadcast one or more messages on the local area network 100 to discover whether there are any mobile devices in the local area network 100. For example, communication 612 may be broadcast according to a UPnP protocol during a discovery process. The network device 102 may receive communications 610 from access device 108 indicating that it is located within the local area network 100 and interrogating network device 102 about its functionalities. That is, after receiving a broadcast message from network device 102, access device 108 may then query network device 102 by sending communication 610 in order to receive the communication 612 including information about the network device.

After receiving communication 612, if the access device 108 can access the cloud network 114, it sends a communication 614 to the cloud network 114 as a request for a resource bundle 632 for a given network device, such as network device 102. Communication 614 is described in further detail below. Otherwise, if the access device 108 cannot access the cloud network 114, the access device 108 looks up the unique interface module ID received from the network device 102 in cache 618. As discussed above, cache 618 can be a local cache stored on the access device 108. Basic properties for known interfaces can be stored in cache 618 as a device type and controls information. These basic properties can include, for example, a default icon, a default name, and interactive elements for controlling one or more primary functionalities of a network device. The primary functionalities can include, for example, powering the network device on and off. The basic properties can also include controls information for secondary functionalities.

In some embodiments, when the access device is connected to the cloud network 114, the access device 108 sends communication 614 to query the cloud network 114 about a given network device (e.g., network device 102). The communication 614 can include at least the unique interface module ID for the network device 102. The communication 614 can include a query or request for a resource bundle 632 for the network device 102. In cases where access device 108 already has a resource bundle 632 for network device 102, communication 614 can be request can be for an updated resource bundle. At this point, the cloud network 114 can compare the unique interface module ID of the network device 102 to known interface module IDs stored in data store 604 in order to determine that there is a match between the unique interface module ID sent with communication 614 and a resource bundle 632. If the cloud network 114 finds a resource bundle 632 for network device 102 in its data store 604, it transmits the resource bundle 632 to the access device 108 via communication 616. For example, if the access device 108 is currently using a default interface module for network device 102 that was determined based on exchanging communications 610 and 612, and then subsequently is able to connect to the cloud network 114, communications 614 and 616 between the access device 108 and the cloud network 114 can be used to obtain a resource bundle 632 for the network device 102. Once the resource bundle 632 is downloaded to access device 108 from cloud network 114 using communications 616, the resource bundle 632 can be used to generate an updated interface module for the network device 102.

For example, upon receiving communication 616 from the cloud network 114, the access device 108 can use a resource bundle 632 to populate a record in cache 618 corresponding to the network device 102 with device type and controls information defined in resource bundle 632. That is, when the access device 108 is remote from the local area network 100, it can exchange communications 614 and 616 with the cloud network 114 to receive a resource bundle 632 for a network device. Information received via communications 616 can be used to populate records of cache 618. Records in cache 618 can be updated using resource bundles 632 received via communication 616. In additional or alternative embodiments, new records can be created in cache 618 when communication 616 includes a resource bundle 632 for a newly discovered network device.

Records 624, 626, 628 in cache 618 store device types, unique interface module IDs, and controls information for known network devices. The access device 108 uses the records in cache 618 to render visual interfaces in the display 622. For example, the display 622 can include a navigable list of modular tiles corresponding to network devices in the local area network 100.

Display 622 can also include an indicator representing a state of network device 102. In embodiments, communications 612 and/or 614 can include a last known state of the network device 102 and/or historical data associated with the network device 102. In one embodiment, such state information can be based on information received via communication 612 from the network device 102 when the access device 108 is connected to the local area network 100. In this way, display 622 of the access device 108 can reflect a current state and historical data for the network device 102 when the mobile device is not connected to the local area network 100. In additional or alternative embodiments, the state information can be based on information received via communication 616 from the cloud network 114 when the access device 108 is connected to the cloud network 114. Using the state information, an interface module or tile for the network device 102 within display 622 can indicate an ‘on’ or ‘off’ state for the network device 102 when the network device is powered on or off.

FIGS. 7-9 provide techniques for providing information used to define visual interface modules for controlling network devices that exist within a local area network. The techniques can provide resource bundles defining visual interface modules. The techniques allow a user of an access device to monitor and control network devices within the local area network regardless of whether the access device has previously been associated with or connected to the network devices. For example, using the techniques described below, the server of the cloud network 114 may determine that a newly discovered network device is connected with the wireless local area network 100, and use a unique ID to retrieve a previously registered resource bundle that defines a visual interface module for the network device. Upon determining that a visual interface module for the network device exists, the server may provide the resource bundle to an access device 108 associated with the wireless local area network 100 in order to facilitate generating an interface module for the network device.

Processes 700, 800, and 900 are illustrated as a logical flow diagrams, the operation of which represents operations that can be implemented in hardware, computer instructions, or a combination thereof. In the context of computer instructions, the operations represent computer-executable instructions stored on one or more computer-readable storage media that, when executed by one or more processors, perform the recited operations. Generally, computer-executable instructions include routines, programs, applications, objects, components, data structures, and the like that perform particular functions or implement particular data types. The order in which the operations are described is not intended to be construed as a limitation, and any number of the described operations can be combined in any order and/or in parallel to implement the processes.

Additionally, the processes 700, 800, and 900 may be performed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) executing collectively on one or more processors, by hardware, or combinations thereof. As noted above, the code may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium, for example, in the form of a computer program comprising a plurality of instructions executable by one or more processors. The computer-readable storage medium may be non-transitory. The processes 700, 800, and 900 can utilize intra-network communications to inform an access device of the existence of a network device and to provide a resource bundle defining an interface module for the network device to the access device. In some aspects, the processes 700, 800, and 900 may be performed by one or more computing devices, such as the server of the cloud network 114, the access device 108, the gateway 110, and the network devices 102, 302, 304, 306, 308, 502, 602 discussed above with respect to FIGS. 1 and 3-6.

FIG. 7 shows a flow chart showing an exemplary set of steps for a process 700 of generating interface modules for network devices. The interface modules are usable for controlling the network devices. At 702, the process 700 includes receiving a communication including a unique identifier of a network device connected to a network. As shown in FIG. 7, this step can be performed as part of discovery of a network device. In an embodiment, the communication received in 702 can include a unique device ID for a network device. For instance, step 702 can be performed using communications 610 and 612 described above with reference to FIG. 6.

Next, at 704, a determination is made as to whether the network device is known. As shown, 704 can be performed by determining if the network device discovered at 702 is already known by an access device. If it is determined that the network device is known, control is passed to 712 where the unique identifier is used to identify a previously received resource bundle for the network device. As depicted in FIG. 7, 712 can be performed by identifying a resource bundle in a local cache or data store. For example, 708, the unique identifier received at 702 can be used in step 712 to identify a resource bundle for the network device within data store 604. The resource bundle can define an interface module stored in local cache 618 at access device 108. Otherwise, if it is determined that the network device is not known (e.g., has not been seen by the access device before), control is passed to 706.

Next, at 706, a determination is made as to whether a connection to a cloud network exists or can be established. If it is determined that a connection to the cloud network exists, control is passed to 714 where a request is transmitted to the cloud network. The request transmitted in 714 can be a request for a resource bundle defining an interface module for the network device, where the request includes the unique identifier received in 702. Otherwise, if it is determined that no connection to the cloud network exists, control is passed to 708.

At 708, the network device is interrogated or queried to request its capabilities and the interaction models it supports. As shown, 708 can include using the network device's capabilities and supported interaction models to form a fundamental model describing all interactions supported by the network device. After querying the network device and forming the fundamental model, control is passed to 710 where a generic interface module for the network device is generated. The generic interface module is generated based on the network device's capabilities and supported interaction models obtained at 708. After generating the generic interface module, control is passed back to 706 to determine if a connection to the cloud network can now be established.

At 714, a request is transmitted to the cloud network. The request transmitted in 714 can be a request transmitted to cloud network 114. The request can be a request for a resource bundle 632 defining an interface module for the network device. As shown in FIG. 7, the request transmitted at 714 includes the unique identifier received in 702. After transmitting the request, control is passed to 716.

Next, at 716, a determination is made as to whether a resource bundle for the network device is available from the cloud network. If it is determined that a resource bundle is available from the cloud network, control is passed to 718 where the resource bundle for the network device is received from the cloud network. Otherwise, if it is determined that no resource bundle is available via the cloud network, control is passed to 708.

At 718, the process 700 includes receiving a resource bundle for the network device. In an embodiment, the resource bundle is received from a cloud network 114 in response to the request transmitted at 714. For example, steps 714 and 718 can be performed using communications 614 and 616 described above with reference to FIG. 6. The resource bundle received at 718 can be a new resource bundle for a newly discovered network device or an updated resource bundle for the network device. For instance, in an embodiment, process 700 can optionally perform steps 714-718 even if it is determined at step 704 that the network device is a known, previously discovered network device. In this way, a request for an updated resource bundle can be transmitted in step 714 and fulfilled in step 718 in cases where an access device has an interface module for a known network device. This embodiment can be used to obtain updated resource bundles subsequent to receiving an initial resource bundle in the event that a third party developer 630 or network device manufacturer uploads updated resource bundles to cloud network 114.

Next, at 720, the process 700 includes using a resource bundle to generate a customized interface module for the network device, the interface module being usable to monitor and/or control the network device. For example, 720 can be performed by using either a previously received resource bundle identified at 712, or a resource bundle received at 718.

Step 720 can be performed by application invoking the resource bundle to generate the interface module for the network device. Depending on the determination made in 704, the resource bundle used at 720 can be a resource bundle received from the cloud network or a previously received resource bundle identified at 712. Step 720 can be performed by an application executing on an access device or a gateway. When the interface module is subsequently executed at the access device or gateway, it displays interface elements usable to monitor and/or control the network device.

FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment of a process 800 for providing a resource bundle for a network device. The resource bundle defines an interface module usable to monitor and control the network device. In some aspects, the process 800 may be performed by computing devices, such as access device 108, the gateway 110, and the server of the cloud network 114 discussed above with respect to FIGS. 1 and 3-6.

The process 800 utilizes intra-network and inter-network communications to inform a cloud network server of the existence of a resource bundle for a network device and to provide the resource bundle defining an interface module for the network device to an access device and/or a gateway. At 802, the process 800 includes receiving a communication indicating that a resource bundle is available. The resource bundle can be for a network device that has been detected in a network. As shown in FIG. 8, 802 can include receiving a communication including a resource bundle, registration information for the resource bundle, and a unique ID for a network device interface. In an embodiment, 802 can include receiving the communication with a resource bundle 632 from a third party developer 630 or a network device manufacturer. For example, 802 can be performed using communications 636 and 638 described above with reference to FIG. 6.

At 804, the resource bundle received at 802 is registered and saved. As shown, this can include registering the resource bundle in a cloud-based network device interface registry and saving the resource bundle in a data store. In one embodiment, the resource bundle is saved in data store 604 in cloud network 114. After the resource bundle is registered and saved, control is passed to 806.

At 806, a communication is received, the communication including a request for a resource bundle for a network device. As shown, the request can include a unique ID for the network device. In an embodiment, 806 can be performed using communication 614 described above with reference to FIG. 6. After the communication is received, control is passed to 806 where the unique ID is used to determine a resource bundle for the network device. In the example of FIG. 8, 806 can include identifying the latest, most-recent resource bundle for the network device.

Next, at 810, the resource bundle identified at 808 is transmitted. In an embodiment, step 810 can include transmitting a resource bundle defining an interface module for a network device to an access device 108 and/or a gateway 110 associated with a given network.

The process 800 can further includes displaying, within an application executing on the access device and/or gateway, a tile defined by the transmitted resource bundle. This can be accomplished by rendering the display 622 described above with reference to FIG. 6. For example, the tile can be configured to accept input corresponding to a selection of a setting for a primary function for the network device. In an embodiment, this can include receiving a touch input at an interactive element of a tile for the network device. Then, the process 800 can include determining whether a secondary function is related to the primary function. If it is determined that there is a related secondary function, a sub-menu, such as, for example, a peekaboo drawer, can be displayed with options for the secondary function. In an embodiment, process 800 can include automatically displaying the sub-menu and indicating a default selection for the secondary function. For example, if the primary function selected turned on a space heater network device 602, process 800 can include displaying low, eco, medium, and high secondary operational modes for the space heater and indicating that a default setting of eco mode has been selected.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a process for using resource bundles to generate interface modules for network devices. FIG. 9 illustrates an embodiment of a process 900 for providing a resource bundle for a network device. The resource bundle defines an interface module usable to monitor and control the network device. In some aspects, the process 900 may be performed by computing devices, such as access device 108, the gateway 110, and the server of the cloud network 114 discussed above with respect to FIGS. 1 and 3-6.

The process 900 utilizes intra-network communications to inform a cloud network server of the existence of network devices and to provide resource bundles defining corresponding interface modules for each of the network devices to an access device and/or a gateway. At 902, the process 900 includes receiving communications indicating that network devices have been detected in a network. As shown in FIG. 9, 902 can be performed as part of device discovery.

At 904, it is determined that respective resource bundles are associated with respective ones of the plurality of network devices. The respective resource bundles can define visual interface modules for the respective ones of the discovered network devices. This can be accomplished by looking up unique interface IDs in a data store 604 of resource bundles. Next, at 906, the resource bundles corresponding to the network devices are transmitted. In an embodiment, step 906 can include transmitting resource bundles to an access device 108 and/or a gateway 110 associated with a given network.

At 908, the process 900 includes using the resource bundles to generate interface modules for the network devices. As shown, 908 can include generating and/or updating interface modules by using respective resource bundles corresponding to respective ones of the plurality of network devices. In an embodiment, the resource bundles can be invoked within an application executing on an access device and/or gateway in order to generate tiles corresponding to the network devices. The tiles can be rendered by the application in the display 622 described above with reference to FIG. 6.

Once any of the above techniques are used to provide a resource bundle defining an interface module corresponding to a network device, the interface module can be executed by an application executing on a mobile device in order to allow the mobile device to monitor and control the network device. The server may store unique identifier (e.g., network device MAC address) of a first network device 102 and a corresponding interface module ID in a first logical record of a data store 604 of interfaces at a first memory space. The server may also store the unique identifier of a second network device 104 and its corresponding interface module ID in a second record of data store 604 at a second memory space. In some embodiments, the data store 604 of interfaces includes pointers. For example, a pointer stored with each record may point a program to a memory location where code of a resource bundle defining an interface module is stored. In an embodiment, the code can be in a markup language, such as, for example, HTMLS. In certain embodiments, the code defines a modular tile having an icon, a name, and one or more interactive elements useable to control a network device. By storing pointers to resource bundles, all of the information needed to obtain resource bundle is accessible from the data store. For example, using a pointer, code in a resource bundle defining an interface usable to control network devices can be obtained and provided to an access device.

Another technique for providing an interface for controlling a network device may include using an existing, default interface in cases where a resource bundle is unavailable or is not readily obtainable. For example, this technique may include determining that a resource bundle for a network device does not exist, creating a new, default interface based on information about the network device, and designating the new interface as the interface to be used for controlling the network device. A new record may then be created including a unique interface identifier for the newly created interface. The access device may store the new interface in cache 618 of interfaces.

Yet another technique for providing an interface for controlling a network device may include storing a resource bundle in a memory or cache of a network device. For example, in environments where cloud connectivity is unavailable or is not reliable, an initial resource bundle stored on a network device can be transmitted directly from the network device to an access device. For example, this technique may include using communications 610 and 612 described above with reference to FIG. 6 to transmit a manufacturer-supplied resource bundle 632 directly from a network device 102 to an access device 108.

Once any of the above techniques are used to identify a resource bundle defining an interface module, the server may maintain a cloud-based registry of stored resource bundles in order to enable access devices such as mobile devices and gateways to control network devices by using interfaces defined by the resource bundles.

FIGS. 10-12 illustrate graphical interfaces, according to embodiments of the present disclosure. In particular, FIGS. 10-12 illustrate exemplary embodiments of user interface (UI) displays for an application on an access device. In some embodiments, the access device can be a mobile device, such as, for example, a smart phone or a tablet device. The graphical interfaces depicted in FIGS. 10-12 are described with reference to the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 3-9. For example, portions of the visual interfaces illustrated in FIGS. 10-12 corresponding to specific network devices can be defined by resource bundles for the network devices. Also, for example, other portions of the interfaces of FIGS. 10-12 corresponding to other network devices can be default interfaces generated based on respective fundamental models describing supported interactions for those other network devices. However, the graphical interfaces of FIGS. 10-12 are not limited to the example embodiments described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3-9.

In an embodiment of the invention, the visual interfaces illustrated in FIGS. 10-12 are displayed on a mobile computing device, which can have a touch sensitive (i.e., touch screen) display device. For ease of explanation, the monitoring and control operations discussed below with reference to FIGS. 10-12 are described in the context of an application executing on an access device 108 with a touch-screen display device. However, the operations are not intended to be limited to the exemplary device shown in FIGS. 10-12. It is to be understood that the user interfaces illustrated in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 10-12 can be readily adapted to be rendered on displays of a variety of computing device platforms running a variety of operating systems.

Throughout FIGS. 10-12, displays are shown with various tiles, interactive elements, icons, links, command regions, windows, toolbars, sub-menus, drawers, and buttons that are used to initiate action, invoke routines, monitor network devices, configure network devices, control network devices, or invoke other functionality. The initiated actions include, but are not limited to, displaying a current state of a network device, displaying historical data associated with a network device, displaying a last known status of a network device, selecting one or more primary settings for a network device, selecting one or more secondary or tertiary settings of a network device, and other inputs and gestures. For brevity, only the differences occurring within the figures, as compared to previous or subsequent ones of the figures, are described below.

FIG. 10 shows an exemplary display 1000 of an application executing on a mobile device. The display 1000 includes modular tiles 1002A, 1002B, and 1002C for interacting with network devices in a network. The interactions can include monitoring and controlling the network devices. The tiles 1002A, 1002B, and 1002C each include respective icons 1004A, 1004B, and 1004C, and respective names 1006A, 1006B, and 1006C identifying different network devices. For example, tile 1002A corresponds to a switch and shows an interactive element depicted as a power button 1008A for turning the switch on and off. Similarly, tile 1002C shows a power button 1008C for turning a lamp on and off. In some embodiments, one or more of tiles 1002A, 1002B, and 1002C in display 1000 can be defined by respective resource modules corresponding to the network devices the tiles are associated with. In additional or alternative embodiments, one or more of tiles 1002A, 1002B, and 1002C can be determined using a fundamental model describing all interactions for the network devices the respective tiles are associated with. For example, if a resource bundle is unavailable for the lamp associated with tile 1002C, a fundamental model for the lamp can be used to determine default tile 1002C with name 1006C (e.g., ‘lamp’), lamp icon 1004C, power button 1008C, and brightness control 1010C.

Display 1000 is a visual interface usable to monitor and control one or more network devices. Display 1000 includes modular tiles 1002 for discovered network devices, where the tiles 1002 each include an icon 1004 representing a network device and a name 1006 for the network device. In the example of FIG. 10, display 1000 includes tiles 1002A, 1002B, and 1002C corresponding to three different network devices. In particular, tile 1002A is configured to control a switch network device. Tile 1002A includes an icon 1004A representing the switch and a name 1006A for the switch. In embodiments, tiles 1002 are customizable by developers and/or manufacturers of the network devices. For, example, name 1006A is customized to indicate the name of a specific type of switch (e.g., ‘Hall switch’). Tile 1002A also includes an interactive element 1008A that can be selected to control the switch. For example, interactive element 1008A can be selected with a click or press to turn the switch on and off. Tile 1002B includes an icon 1004B for a sensor network device. Tile 1002B includes an icon 1004B representing the sensor and a name 1006B for the sensor (e.g., ‘My Motion Sensor’). In embodiments, tiles 1002 are customizable by developers and/or manufacturers of the network devices to display a current state or status of network devices. For, example, tile 1002B is customized to indicate a sensor-specific status (e.g., ‘Motion sensed at 11:05 AM’). In additional or alternative embodiments, tiles 1002 can convey status information about a network device, including, but not limited to, a firmware version, a last known firmware update status, connectivity to cloud status, registration status (i.e., an indication that the network device has a key or does not), a primary mode of the network device (i.e., on, off), a secondary mode of the device (i.e., standby, high, low, eco), a schedule, and settings for the device (see, e.g., schedule 1234 in FIG. 12).

Depending on the type and capabilities of a network device, its tile 1002 can display a status or state 1010 of the device. For example, FIG. 10 shows how status 1010B indicates when a motion sensor last detected motion. In an embodiment, the display 1000 is flexible and can dynamically display the most appropriate tile 1002 for whatever environment the application is run in. For instance, the display 1000 enables a mechanism wherein a user can pre-configure a tile 1002B to display the most appropriate message for a connected sensor. For example, a user can connect any one of a plurality of types of sensors (e.g., water, humidity, temperature/heat, air pressure, light, sound, smoke, carbon monoxide, etc.) to a network. As shown in FIG. 10, instead of presenting a default interface stating a generic message like ‘the sensor has detected something at a certain time’ the tile 1002B can be configured it to provide a sensor-specific status (e.g., ‘Motion sensed in the living room 11:05 AM’ or ‘someone is in the living room.’). Similarly, tiles 1002 for other types of sensor devices can be configured to present sensor-specific states 1010 or status messages such as, for example, ‘the leak detector at a certain location has detected elevated levels of moisture’ or ‘the smoke detector has detected smoke in the kitchen.’

As shown in FIG. 10, the status 1010C in the tile 1002C for the lamp device can indicate a brightness level for the lamp. In the exemplary display 1000, status 1010C indicates that the lamp is at 0%, which corresponds to the lamp being turned off. In an embodiment, this status is also reflected by the power button 1008C for the lamp not being lit up or shaded/bolded. When a network device has extended capabilities, such as secondary or tertiary functionalities, an interactive element 1012 can be selected to expand and contract a menu including controllable settings for the capabilities. The menu can be, for example, a full drop down menu or drawer with interactive elements for setting the extended capabilities of the network device. Examples of such full menus and drawers are provided in FIG. 12, which is discussed below.

FIG. 10 also shows how display 1000 can include selectable icons and links 1014, 1016, 1018, 1020, 1022, and 1024 outside of the tile display area. In the example of FIG. 10, refresh icon 1014 can be selected to refresh information presented in display 1000, such as, for example, status and state information displayed in tiles 1002A, 1002B, and 1002C. For instance, the status 1010B in tile 1002B for the motion sensor can be refreshed on an automatic, periodic basis, in addition to being manually updated when refresh icon 1014 is selected. Similarly, the brightness status 1010C in tile 1002C for the lamp can be updated when refresh icon 1014 is selected. The edit link 1016 can be selected to edit the list of tiles 1002A, 1002B, and 1002C. For example, edit link 1016 can be selected to sort or re-order the sequence of tiles 1002A, 1002B, and 1002C displayed in display 1000. Edit link 1016 can also be selected to delete one of the tiles 1002A, 1002B, and 1002C in cases where a user no longer wants to view a given tile. Devices icon 1018 can be selected to list discovered network devices in a network.

Rules icon 1020 can be selected to display rules pertaining to network devices. For example, rules icon 1020 can be selected to display a rule that turns on the lamp of tile 1002C for a specified duration when the motion sensor of tile 1002B detects motion. That is, by selecting rules icon 1020, a user can create or edit a rule that turns on a porch light for a certain number of minutes when a motion sensor detects motion near the porch. In this way, rules can relate functionalities of multiple network devices to each other. News icon 1022 can be selected to review news items, such as news associated with network devices and/or the application. For instance, news icon 1022 can be selected to view announcements and news items relevant to network devices controlled via tiles 1002A, 1002B, and 1002C and/or information relevant to the application, such as notifications of available tile updates. The more icon 1024 can be selected to access additional features of the application.

FIG. 11 shows another exemplary display 1100 of an application executing on a mobile device. Display 1100 shows how the status of a space heater can be conveyed within tile 1102A. For example, tile 1102A can show that the heater is turned by coloring, animating, or shading a portion of power button 1108A. In one embodiment, a portion of power button 1108A can be shaded green or bolded to indicate that the space heater has been turned on. FIG. 11 also shows how a sub-menu 1114 can be exposed to select a secondary setting of the heater once power button 1108A is selected. The sub-menu 1114 can include settings related to the primary function of turning the network device on. In the example of FIG. 11, sub-menu 1114 is a drawer that shows secondary settings corresponding to high, low, and eco operational modes for the space heater when the power button 1108A is selected to turn the space heater on. Because sub-menu 1114 is typically not displayed and may only be momentarily displayed when the power button 1108A is selected, the sub-menu 1114 can be conceptualized as a ‘peekaboo drawer.’ For example, sub-menu 1114 may be temporarily displayed within the context of the heater being turned on. The sub-menu 1114 may include a default choice for a secondary function space heater (i.e., eco mode), and can also be used to select other secondary functions (e.g., high or low). In this way, with a single input of selecting or pressing power button 1102A, both primary and secondary functionalities can be set via a single input. Additional functionalities and capabilities of the space heater can be displayed by selecting interactive element 1112 to expand a full menu. One example of the full menu is shown in FIG. 12, which is described below.

FIG. 12 shows another exemplary display 1200 of an application executing on an access device. In the example of FIG. 12, the status indicator 1110 shows that the space heater is in standby mode. As shown in FIG. 12, this standby status can be visually reinforced by the power button 1108A being lightly shaded. In some embodiments, the status indicator 1110 and power button 1108A can transition when the status of the space heater is changed. For example, when the power button 1108A is selected to turn on the space heater, and secondary mode of ‘low’ is selected in sub-menu 1114, the power button 1108A can become more fully illuminated as compared to FIG. 12. Additionally, status indicator 1110 can transition from ‘Eco’ as shown in FIG. 11 to ‘High’, ‘low’ or ‘Standby’ (e.g., as shown in FIG. 12) to reflect selections in sub-menu 1114 and/or a full menu 1226. An exemplary full menu 1226 for a space heater network device is described in the following paragraph.

FIG. 12 also shows how detailed status and extended functionalities of the space heater network device can be conveyed within a full menu 1226 accessed via tile 1102A. In particular, full menu 1226 can be displayed as drawer when interactive element 1112 is selected. In the example of FIG. 12, the full menu 1226 can include interactive elements 1230, 1232, 1236 for selecting settings or actions corresponding to tertiary or extended functions of the space heater. In particular, the exemplary full menu 1226 is shown as a drawer displaying room and external temperature readings 1228, thermostat setting 1230, an auto off setting 1232, schedule information 1234 for the space heater, and a frost protection setting 1236. In the example of FIG. 12, the auto off setting 1232 is a selectable duration (i.e., a number of hours). In embodiments, the auto off setting 1232 can be changed via a scroll wheel interface element and/or directly entered as text. Full menu 1226 can be implemented as a drawer showing historical data associated with a network device, such as, for example, past temperature readings 1228 and patterns of temperature readings 1228. The historical data may be used to determine tertiary settings or functionalities, such as, for example, the frost protection setting 1236. As shown, the frost protection setting 1236 can be toggled on an off within full menu 1226. In the exemplary display 1200, the space heater will automatically turn on if the room temperature falls below 40 degrees Fahrenheit. Certain extended capabilities can be tied to rules. For example, the rule for frost protection can be changed by selecting rules icon 1020 in order to edit the logic for the rule.

As shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 10-12, the status or state of a network device can be indicated within the tile with text and/or graphically. For instance, coloring or shading of an interactive element, such as power button 1108A, can indicate whether a network device is connected to the network, powered off, on, restarting, or in a standby, sleep or hibernation mode. In accordance with these examples, part of the power button 1108A in the tile 1102A can be shaded green when the space heater is powered on, red or un-shaded when the space heater is off, and yellow or lightly shaded when the space heater is in standby mode. In additional or alternative embodiments, a power button can pulsate or slowly blink when the device is in a transitional state. Examples transitional states include booting up, restarting, connecting to a network, or re-connecting to the network.

In some embodiments, the displays of FIGS. 10-12 can be rendered by performing a computer-implemented method. For example, the method can include receiving, at a computing device, one or more interface modules, wherein each interface module defines a tile associated with a corresponding network device on a network, and then presenting, on a display of the computing device, a graphical interface including the one or more tiles, wherein each tile includes information identifying the corresponding network device and one or more interactive elements usable to control the network device. For example, the computing device can be access device 108, the display can be display 622, and the tiles can include tiles 1002A, 1002B, 1002C and 1102A. The one or more interactive elements can correspond to a primary setting or function of the network devices, such as, for example, power buttons 1008A, 1008C and 1108A. In embodiments, the information identifying the network devices can include an icon, name, and state for each of the network devices. For example, the information identifying the network devices can include icons 1004A, 1004B, 1004C and 1104A, and corresponding device names 1006A, 1006B, 1006C, and 1106A. The information identifying a state of a network device can be status indicators 1010B, 1010C, and 1110. In some embodiments, the method can also include receiving, at the computing device, input corresponding to a selection of a primary setting for the network device, and the tile can include a contextual menu or drawer, such as sub-menu 1114, corresponding to a secondary setting or functionality for the network device, wherein the secondary setting or functionality is associated with the primary setting or functionality. According to certain embodiments, a tile 1102A associated with a network device having extended or tertiary functionalities includes a full menu or drawer 1226, wherein the full menu 1226 is displayed in response to receiving input corresponding to a selection of interactive element 1112. For example, the full menu 1226 can include interactive elements 1230, 1232, 1236 for selecting settings or actions corresponding to tertiary or extended functions of the network device. The full menu 1226 can be embodied as a drawer including a status indicator 1010B, 1010C, 1110 for the network device, schedule data 1234, and historical data associated with the network device, such as, for example, temperature readings 1228.

In embodiments, the display device used to display the user interfaces shown in FIGS. 10-12 may be the display output device 1614 described below with reference to FIG. 16. According to embodiments, user inputs can be received at the touch screen displays shown in FIGS. 10-12 via the input device 1616 described below with reference to FIG. 16. However, alternative and additional input devices can be used, such as a finger, a stylus, a mouse, a keyboard, a keypad, a joy stick, a voice activated control system, or other input devices used to provide interaction between a user and an application. As described below with reference to FIGS. 10-12, such interaction can be used to indicate a network device to be monitored and/or controlled, to navigate through contextual menus associated with a network device, and make selections in the menus.

FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a front view of a network device 1300. FIG. 14 illustrates an example of a side view of the network device 1300. The network device 1300 may include any of the network devices 132, 134, or 136 described herein. In some embodiments, the network device 1300 may be a home automation network device. For example, the network device 1300 may include a home automation switch that may be coupled with a home appliance. A user may wirelessly access the network device 1300 in order to access, control, and/or configure various home appliances located within the user's home. For instance, the user may remotely control appliances such as a television, radio, light, microwave, iron, space heater, wall A/C unit, washer, dryer, fan, and/or the like.

In some embodiments, the network device 1300 may include a WiFi enabled switch that connects home appliances and other electronic devices to a compatible 802.11b/g/n/ac WiFi network. The network device 1300 may thus allow users to locally or remotely turn devices on or off from anywhere, program customized notifications, and/or change device status. The network device 1300 may further allow a user to create custom schedules or have devices respond to sunrise or sunset.

The network device 1300 includes an power switch 1302 that may be depressed in order to turn the network device 1300 on and off. In some embodiments, a light source may be integrated with or located behind the power switch. For example, a light-emitting diode (LED) may be located on a circuit board under the power button 1302. The light source may be illuminated when the network device 1300 is powered on, and may not be illuminated when the network device 1300 is powered off.

The network device 1300 further includes a communications signal indicator 1304. The signal indicator 1304 may indicate whether the network device 1300 has access to a communications signal, such as a WiFi signal. For example, the signal indicator 1304 may include a light source (e.g., a LED) that illuminates when the network device 1300 is connected to a communications signal. The light source may depict different colors or other characteristics (e.g., flashing, dimming, or the like) to indicate different levels of signal strength or mode of operation.

The network device 1300 includes a restore button 1410. The restore button 1410 may allow a user to reset the network device 1300 to factory default settings. For example, upon being depressed, the restore button 1410 may cause all software on the device to be reset to the settings that the network device 1300 included when purchased from the manufacturer.

The network device 1300 further includes a plug 1408 and an outlet 1306. The plug 1408 allows the network device 1300 to be plugged into a wall socket, such as a socket providing 120V, 220V, or the like. In turn, an appliance may be plugged into the outlet 1306. Once the network device 1300 is registered according to the techniques described above, an appliance plugged into the socket 1306 may be controlled by a user using an access device (e.g., access device 138).

FIG. 15 is an example of a block diagram of the network device 1300 depicting different hardware and/or software components of the network device 1300. As described above with respect to FIGS. 13 and 14, the network device 1300 includes the outlet 1306, the plug 1408, the power button 1302, the restore button 1410, and the communications signal indicator 1304. The network device 1300 also includes light source 1528 associated with the power button 1302. As previously described, the light source 1528 may be illuminated when the network device 1300 is powered on.

The network device 1300 further includes a relay 1510. The relay 1510 is a switch that controls whether power is relayed from the plug 1408 to the outlet 1306. The relay 1510 may be controlled either manually using the power button 1302 or remotely using wireless communication signals. For example, when the power button 1302 is in an ON position, the relay 1510 may be closed so that power is relayed from the plug 1408 to the outlet 1306. When the power button 1302 is in an OFF position, the relay 1510 may be opened so that current is unable to flow from the plug 1408 to the outlet 1306. As another example, an application or program running on an access device may transmit a signal that causes the relay 1510 to be opened or closed. For instance, an access application may display a graphical interface on the access device that includes a power button. The user may tap or otherwise select the power button, and the access application may send a communication signal (e.g., over a WiFi network) to the network device 1300 instructing the network device 1300 to open or close the relay 1510.

The network device 1300 further includes flash memory 1520 and dynamic random access memory (DRAM) 1522. The flash memory 1520 may be used to store instructions or code relating to an operating system, one or more applications, and any firmware. The flash memory 1520 may include nonvolatile memory so that any firmware or other program can be can updated. In the event the network device 1300 loses power, information stored in the flash memory 1520 may be retained. The DRAM 1522 may store various other types of information needed to run the network device 1300, such as all runtime instructions or code.

The network device 1300 further includes a CPU/Radio 1518. The CPU/Radio 1518 controls the operations of the network device 1300. For example, the CPU/Radio 1518 may execute various applications or programs stored in the flash memory 1520 and/or the dynamic random access memory (DRAM) 1522. The CPU/Radio 1518 may also receive input from the various hardware and software components, interpret the input, and perform one or more functions in response to the input. As one example, the CPU/Radio 1518 may determine whether the power button 1302 has been pressed, and determines whether the relay 1510 needs to be opened or closed. The CPU/Radio 1518 may further perform all communications functions in order to allow the network device 1300 to communicate with other network devices, one or more gateways, a cloud network, and/or one or more access devices. While the CPU and radio of the network device 1300 are shown to be combined in the CPU/Radio 1518, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, in some embodiments, the CPU and radio may be separately located within the network device 1300. For example, CPU circuitry may be situated at a separate location on a circuit board from the location of radio circuitry, the CPU circuitry may be located on a different circuit board from the radio circuitry, or the like.

The network device 1300 may communicate with other devices and/or networks via antenna 1524. For example, antenna 1524 may include a 2.4 GHz antenna, a 5 GHz antenna, or the like, that can transmit and receive WiFi communications signals. The antenna 1524 may include other types of antennas that can communicate Bluetooth® signals, Zigbee® signals, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) signals, and/or the like. In some embodiments, the network device 1300 may include multiple antennas for communicating different types of communication signals. As one example, the network device 1300 may include both a 2.4 GHz antenna and a 5 GHz antenna.

The network device 1300 further includes a driver 1516, a switching power supply 1512, and a voltage regulator 1514. The driver 1516 may include instructions or code that can be used to translate control signals or commands received from applications running on the DRAM 1522 to commands that the various hardware components in the network device 1300 can understand. In some embodiments, the driver 1516 may include an ambient application running on the DRAM 1522. The switching power supply 1512 may be used to transfer power from the outlet in which the plug 1408 is connected to the various loads of the network device 1300 (e.g., CPU/Radio 1518). The switching power supply 1512 may efficiently convert the voltage and current characteristics of the electrical power to a level that is appropriate for the components of the network device 1300. For example, the switching power supply 1512 may perform AC-DC conversion. In some embodiments, the switching power supply 1512 may be used to control the power that is relayed from the plug 1408 to the outlet 1306. The voltage regulator 1514 may be used to convert the voltage output from the switching power supply 1512 to a lower voltage usable by the CPU/Radio 1518. For example, the voltage regulator 1514 may regulate the DC voltage from 5V to 3.3V.

In various embodiments, functions may be stored as one or more computer-program products, such as instructions or code, in a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, such as the flash memory 1520 and/or the DRAM 1522. The network device 1300 can also comprise software elements (e.g., located within the memory), including, for example, an operating system, device drivers, executable libraries, and/or other code, such as one or more application programs, which may comprise computer programs implementing the functions provided by various embodiments, and/or may be designed to implement methods and/or configure systems, as described herein. Merely by way of example, one or more procedures described with respect to the processes discussed above, for example as described with respect to FIG. 2, may be implemented as code and/or instructions executable by a computer (and/or a processor within a computer); in an aspect, then, such code and/or instructions can be used to configure and/or adapt a general purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations in accordance with the described methods. Such functions or code may include code to perform the steps described above with respect to FIG. 2. The memory, such as the flash memory 1520 and/or the DRAM 1522, may be a processor-readable memory and/or a computer-readable memory that stores software code (programming code, instructions, etc.) configured to cause a processor(s) within the CPU/Radio 1518 to perform the functions described. In other embodiments, one or more of the functions described may be performed in hardware.

A set of these instructions and/or code might be stored on a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, such as the flash memory 1520 and/or the DRAM 1522. In some cases, the storage medium might be incorporated within a computer system, such as the CPU/Radio 1518. In other embodiments, the storage medium might be separate from a computer system (e.g., a removable medium, such as a compact disc), and/or provided in an installation package, such that the storage medium can be used to program, configure and/or adapt a general purpose computer with the instructions/code stored thereon. These instructions might take the form of executable code, which is executable by the network device 1300 and/or might take the form of source and/or installable code, which, upon compilation and/or installation on the network device 1300 (e.g., using any of a variety of generally available compilers, installation programs, compression/decompression utilities, etc.) then takes the form of executable code.

Substantial variations may be made in accordance with specific requirements. For example, customized hardware might also be used, and/or particular elements might be implemented in hardware, software (including portable software, such as applets, etc.), or both. Further, connection to other access or computing devices such as network input/output devices may be employed.

It should be appreciated that the network device 1300 may have other components than those depicted in FIGS. 13-15. Further, the embodiment shown in the figures are only one example of a network device that may incorporate an embodiment of the invention. In some other embodiments, network device 1300 may have more or fewer components than shown in the figure, may combine two or more components, or may have a different configuration or arrangement of components.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example of an access device 1600. The access device 1600 may include any human-to-machine interface with network connection capability that allows access to a network. For example, the access device 1600 may include a stand-alone interface (e.g., a cellular telephone, a smartphone, a home computer, a laptop computer, a tablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computing device, a wearable device such as a smart watch, a wall panel, a keypad, or the like), an interface that is built into an appliance or other device (e.g., television, refrigerator, security system, game console, browser, or the like), a speech or gesture interface (e.g., Kinect™ sensor, Wiimote™, or the like), an internet of things (IoT) device interface (e.g., an Internet enabled appliance such as a wall switch, a control interface, or the like). The access device 1600 includes hardware elements that can be electrically coupled via a bus 1618 (or may otherwise be in communication, as appropriate). In one embodiment, the bus 1618 can be used for the processor(s) 1602 to communicate between cores and/or with the memory 1612. The hardware elements may include one or more processors 1602, including without limitation one or more general-purpose processors and/or one or more special-purpose processors (such as digital signal processing chips, graphics acceleration processors, and/or the like); one or more input devices 1616, which can include without limitation a camera, a mouse, a keyboard, a touch sensitive screen, a touch pad, a keypad, and/or the like; and one or more output devices 1614, which can include, without limitation, a display, a printer, and/or the like.

The access device 1600 may include one or more wireless transceivers 1606 connected to the bus 1618. The wireless transceiver 1606 may be operable to receive wireless signals (e.g., signal 1610) via antenna 1608. The wireless signal 1610 may be transmitted via a wireless network. In some embodiments, the wireless network may be any wireless network such as a wireless local area network (e.g., local area network 100), such as WiFi, a Personal Access Network (PAN), such as Bluetooth® or Zigbee®, or a cellular network (e.g. a GSM, WCDMA, LTE, CDMA2000 network). Wireless transceiver 1606 may be configured to receive various radio frequency (RF) signals (e.g., signal 1610) via antenna 1608 from one or more gateways, network devices, other access devices, cloud networks, and/or the like. Access device 1600 may also be configured to decode and/or decrypt, via the DSP 1604 and/or processor(s) 1602, various signals received from one or more gateways, network devices, other access devices, cloud networks, and/or the like.

The access device 1600 may further include (and/or be in communication with) one or more non-transitory machine-readable storage mediums or storage devices (e.g., memory 1612), which can comprise, without limitation, local and/or network accessible storage, and/or can include, without limitation, a disk drive, a drive array, an optical storage device, a solid-state storage device such as a random access memory (“RAM”) and/or a read-only memory (“ROM”), which can be programmable, flash-updateable and/or the like. Such storage devices may be configured to implement any appropriate data storage, including without limitation, various file systems, database structures, and/or the like.

In various embodiments, functions may be stored as one or more computer-program products, such as instructions or code, in memory 1612, such as RAM, ROM, FLASH, or disc drive, and executed by processor(s) 1602 or DSP 1604. The access device 1600 can also comprise software elements (e.g., located within the memory 1612), including, for example, an operating system, device drivers, executable libraries, and/or other code, such as one or more application programs, which may comprise computer programs implementing various functions. Memory 1612 may be a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, processor-readable memory, and/or a computer-readable memory that stores the one or more computer-program products configured to cause the processor(s) 1602 and/or DSP 1604 to perform the various functions. In other embodiments, the various functions described may be performed in hardware.

FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a server 1700. The server 1700 includes hardware elements that can be electrically coupled via a bus 1716 (or may otherwise be in communication, as appropriate). In one embodiment, the bus 1716 can be used for the processor(s) 1702 to communicate between cores and/or with the memory 1712. The hardware elements may include one or more processors 1702, including without limitation one or more general-purpose processors and/or one or more special-purpose processors (such as digital signal processing chips, graphics acceleration processors, and/or the like), memory 1712, DSP 1704, a wireless transceiver 1706, a bus 1716, and antenna 1708. Furthermore, in addition to the wireless transceiver 1706, server 1700 can further include a network interface 1714 to communicate with a network (e.g., a local area network, a network of a preferred carrier, Internet, etc.).

The server 1700 may further include (and/or be in communication with) one or more non-transitory machine-readable storage mediums or storage devices (e.g., memory 1712), which can comprise, without limitation, local and/or network accessible storage, and/or can include, without limitation, a disk drive, a drive array, an optical storage device, a solid-state storage device such as a random access memory (“RAM”) and/or a read-only memory (“ROM”), which can be programmable, flash-updateable and/or the like. Such storage devices may be configured to implement any appropriate data storage, including without limitation, various file systems, database structures, and/or the like.

In various embodiments, functions may be stored as one or more one or more computer-program products, such as instructions or code, in memory 1712. The server 1700 can also comprise software elements (e.g., located within the memory), including, for example, an operating system, device drivers, executable libraries, and/or other code, such as one or more application programs, which may comprise computer programs implementing the functions provided by various embodiments, and/or may be designed to implement methods and/or configure systems, as described herein. Merely by way of example, one or more procedures described with respect to the processes discussed above may be implemented as code and/or instructions executable by a computer (and/or a processor within a computer); in an aspect, then, such code and/or instructions can be used to configure and/or adapt a general purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations in accordance with the described methods. Such functions or code may include code to perform the steps described above with respect to FIGS. 2 and 6-9. The memory 1712 may be a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, processor-readable memory, and/or a computer-readable memory that stores the one or more computer-program products configured to cause the processor(s) 1702 to perform the functions described. In other embodiments, one or more of the functions described may be performed in hardware.

A set of these instructions and/or code might be stored on a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, such as the memory 1712. In some cases, the storage medium might be incorporated within a computer system. In other embodiments, the storage medium might be separate from a computer system (e.g., a removable medium, such as a compact disc), and/or provided in an installation package, such that the storage medium can be used to program, configure and/or adapt a general purpose computer with the instructions/code stored thereon. These instructions of one or more computer-program products might take the form of executable code, which is executable by the server 1700 and/or might take the form of source and/or installable code, which, upon compilation and/or installation on the server 1700 (e.g., using any of a variety of generally available compilers, installation programs, compression/decompression utilities, etc.) then takes the form of executable code.

FIG. 18 illustrates an example of a gateway 1800. The gateway 1800 may include a range extending device, a router, an access point, a modem, and/or any other device that provides network access among one or more computing devices and/or external networks. For example, the gateway 1800 may include a router gateway with access point and router functionality, and may further include an Ethernet switch and/or a modem. As another example, the gateway 1800 may include a range extending gateway that may be used to improve signal range and strength within a network by taking an existing signal from another gateway (e.g., a router gateway, an access point, or the like) and rebroadcasting the signal to create a second logical network.

The gateway 1800 includes hardware elements that can be electrically coupled via a bus 1818 (or may otherwise be in communication, as appropriate). In one embodiment, the bus 1818 can be used for the processor(s) 1802 to communicate between cores and/or with the memory 1812. The hardware elements may include one or more processors 1802, including without limitation one or more general-purpose processors and/or one or more special-purpose processors (such as digital signal processing chips, graphics acceleration processors, and/or the like); one or more input devices 1816, which can include without limitation one or more buttons, a keyboard, a keypad, a touch sensitive screen, a touch pad, and/or the like; and one or more output devices 1814, which can include, without limitation, a display, light or sound indicators, and/or the like.

The gateway 1800 may include one or more wireless transceivers 1806 and 1820 connected to the bus 1818. The wireless transceiver 1806 may be operable to receive wireless signals (e.g., a wireless signal 1810) via an antenna 1808. The wireless transceivers 1820 may be operable to receive wireless signals (e.g., a wireless signal 1814) via an antenna 1822. The wireless transceivers 1806 and 1820 may each include a WiFi transceiver radio designed to transmit and receive signals using frequencies of a specific frequency band, which may be referred to herein as “WiFi circuits.” For example, wireless transceiver 1806 may include a 2.4 GHz WiFi circuit, and wireless transceiver 1820 may include a 5 GHz WiFi circuit. Accordingly, the gateway 1800 may include a single WiFi circuit for a first WiFi frequency band, and a single WiFi circuit for a second WiFi frequency band. In some embodiments, the gateway 1800 may include multiple wireless transceivers (not shown) for each available frequency band. The antennas 1808 and 1822 may include multiple band antennas that can transmit and/or receive signals over different frequency bands.

The gateway 1800 may further include radio frequency (RF) circuit 1826. In some embodiments, the wireless transceivers 1806 and 1820 may be integrated with or coupled to the RF circuit 1826 so that the RF circuit 1826 includes the wireless transceivers 1806 and 1820. In some embodiments, the wireless transceivers 1806 and 1820 and the RF circuit 1826 are separate components. The RF circuit 1826 may include a RF amplifier that may amplify signals received over antennas 1808 and 1822. The RF circuit 1826 may also include a power controller that may be used to adjust signal amplification by the RF amplifier. The power controller may be implemented using hardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof.

The wireless signals 1810 and 1824 may be transmitted via a wireless network. In some embodiments, the wireless network may be any wireless network such as a wireless local area network (e.g., local area network 100), such as WiFi™, a Personal Access Network (PAN), such as Bluetooth® or Zigbee®, or a cellular network (e.g. a GSM, WCDMA, LTE, CDMA2000 network). Wireless transceivers 1806 and 1820 may be configured to receive various radio frequency (RF) signals (e.g., signals 1810 and 1824) via antennas 1808 and 1824, respectively, from one or more other gateways, access devices, network devices, cloud networks, and/or the like. Gateway 1800 may also be configured to decode and/or decrypt, via the DSP 1804 and/or processor(s) 1802, various signals received from one or more gateways, network devices, cloud networks, and/or the like.

The gateway 1800 may include a power supply (not shown) that can power the various components of the gateway 1800. The power supply may include a switch-mode power supply, a linear power supply, a push-pull power supply, or any other suitable type of power supply. In some embodiments, the gateway 1800 may include multiple power supplies. For example, a switch-mode power supply may be used to condition input power, and a linear power supply may be used to power the RF circuit 1826. The power supply may be configured to operate over various ranges of appropriate input voltages.

The gateway 1800 may further include (and/or be in communication with) one or more non-transitory machine-readable storage mediums or storage devices (e.g., memory 1812), which can comprise, without limitation, local and/or network accessible storage, and/or can include, without limitation, a disk drive, a drive array, an optical storage device, a solid-state storage device such as a random access memory (“RAM”) and/or a read-only memory (“ROM”), which can be programmable, flash-updateable and/or the like. Such storage devices may be configured to implement any appropriate data storage, including without limitation, various file systems, database structures, and/or the like.

In various embodiments, functions may be stored as one or more computer-program products, such as instructions or code, in memory 1812, such as RAM, ROM, FLASH, or disc drive, and executed by processor(s) 1802 or DSP 1804. The gateway 1800 can also comprise software elements (e.g., located within the memory 1812), including, for example, an operating system, device drivers, executable libraries, and/or other code, such as one or more application programs, which may comprise computer programs implementing the functions provided by various embodiments, and/or may be designed to implement methods and/or configure systems, as described herein. Merely by way of example, one or more procedures described with respect to the processes discussed above, for example as described with respect to FIGS. 2 and 6-9, may be implemented as code and/or instructions executable by a computer (and/or a processor within a computer); in an aspect, then, such code and/or instructions can be used to configure and/or adapt a general purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations in accordance with the described methods. Such functions or code may include code to perform the steps described above with respect to FIGS. 2 and 6-9. The memory 1812 may be a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, processor-readable memory, and/or a computer-readable memory that stores the one or more computer-program products configured to cause the processor(s) 1802 to perform the functions described. In other embodiments, one or more of the functions described may be performed in hardware.

A set of these instructions and/or code might be stored on a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, such as the memory 1812. In some cases, the storage medium might be incorporated within a computer system. In other embodiments, the storage medium might be separate from a computer system (e.g., a removable medium, such as a compact disc), and/or provided in an installation package, such that the storage medium can be used to program, configure and/or adapt a general purpose computer with the instructions/code stored thereon. These instructions of one or more computer-program products might take the form of executable code, which is executable by the gateway 1800 and/or might take the form of source and/or installable code, which, upon compilation and/or installation on the gateway 1800 (e.g., using any of a variety of generally available compilers, installation programs, compression/decompression utilities, etc.) then takes the form of executable code.

Substantial variations may be made in accordance with specific requirements. For example, customized hardware might also be used, and/or particular elements might be implemented in hardware, software (including portable software, such as applets, etc.), or both. Further, connection to other access or computing devices such as network input/output devices may be employed.

In the foregoing specification, aspects of the invention are described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention is not limited thereto. Various features and aspects of the above-described invention may be used individually or jointly. Further, embodiments can be utilized in any number of environments and applications beyond those described herein without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the specification. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

In the foregoing description, for the purposes of illustration, methods were described in a particular order. It should be appreciated that in alternate embodiments, the methods may be performed in a different order than that described. It should also be appreciated that the methods described above may be performed by hardware components or may be embodied in sequences of machine-executable instructions, which may be used to cause a machine, such as a general-purpose or special-purpose processor or logic circuits programmed with the instructions to perform the methods. These machine-executable instructions may be stored on one or more machine readable mediums, such as CD-ROMs or other type of optical disks, floppy diskettes, ROMs, RAMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, magnetic or optical cards, flash memory, or other types of machine-readable mediums suitable for storing electronic instructions. Alternatively, the methods may be performed by a combination of hardware and software.

Where components are described as being configured to perform certain operations, such configuration can be accomplished, for example, by designing electronic circuits or other hardware to perform the operation, by programming programmable electronic circuits (e.g., microprocessors, or other suitable electronic circuits) to perform the operation, or any combination thereof.

While illustrative embodiments of the application have been described in detail herein, it is to be understood that the inventive concepts may be otherwise variously embodied and employed, and that the appended claims are intended to be construed to include such variations, except as limited by the prior art. 

1. (canceled)
 2. A computer-implemented method, comprising: receiving, at a computing device, a communication including a unique identifier for a network device connected to a network; transmitting a query to the network device to determine a set of capabilities of the network device and a set of interaction models supported by the network device; receiving a response to the query including the set of capabilities and the set of interaction models; using the unique identifier and the response to the query to determine a customized resource bundle for the network device, the customized resource bundle defining an interface module for the network device, wherein the interface module is configured to display one or more interface elements usable to control the network device; and transmitting the customized resource bundle, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates generating the interface module.
 3. The method of claim 2, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates executing an application that generates the interface module.
 4. The method of claim 2, wherein when the resource bundle is received by an access device, the resource bundle facilitates executing an application that generates the interface module.
 5. The method of claim 2, further comprising: receiving a request for the resource bundle from an access device; and transmitting the resource bundle to the requesting access device, wherein when the resource bundle is received by the access device, the resource bundle facilitates executing an application at the access device that generates the interface module.
 6. The method of claim 2, further comprising: receiving an updated resource bundle for the network device; registering the updated resource bundle; and transmitting the updated resource bundle, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates generating an updated interface module for the network device.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein when the updated resource bundle is received at an access device, the access device generates the updated interface module for the network device.
 8. The method of claim 2, wherein the one or more interface elements correspond to controls or sub-controls of the network device.
 9. The method of claim 2, wherein the resource bundle defines the interface module to include a contextual menu for the network device, the contextual menu corresponding to a secondary control of the network device, and wherein the secondary control is associated with a primary control of the network device.
 10. The method of claim 2, wherein interface elements are selectable, wherein selecting an interface element displays a menu, and wherein the menu includes a changeable setting associated with the network device.
 11. The method of claim 2, wherein interface elements display a state of the network device.
 12. A system, comprising: one or more data processors; and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium containing instructions which when executed on the one or more data processors, cause the one or more data processors to perform operations including: receiving, at a computing device, a communication including a unique identifier for a network device connected to a network; transmitting a query to the network device to determine a set of capabilities of the network device and a set of interaction models supported by the network device; receiving a response to the query including the set of capabilities and the set of interaction models; using the unique identifier and the response to the query to determine a customized resource bundle for the network device, the customized resource bundle defining an interface module for the network device, wherein the interface module is configured to display one or more interface elements usable to control the network device; and transmitting the customized resource bundle, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates generating the interface module.
 13. The system of claim 12, wherein when the resource bundle is received by an access device, the resource bundle facilitates executing an application that generates the interface module.
 14. The system of claim 12, further comprising instructions which when executed on the one or more data processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations including: receiving an updated resource bundle for the network device; registering the updated resource bundle; and transmitting the updated resource bundle, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates generating an updated interface module for the network device.
 15. The system of claim 14, wherein when the updated resource bundle is received at an access device, the access device generates the updated interface module for the network device.
 16. The system of claim 12, further comprising instructions which when executed on the one or more data processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations including: receiving a request for the resource bundle from an access device; and transmitting the resource bundle to the requesting access device, wherein when the resource bundle is received by the access device, the resource bundle facilitates executing an application that generates the interface module.
 17. A computer-program product tangibly embodied in a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of a computing device, including instructions configured to cause one or more data processors to: receive a communication including a unique identifier for a network device connected to a network; use the unique identifier to determine a resource bundle for the network device, the resource bundle defining an interface module for the network device, wherein the interface module is configured to display one or more interface elements usable to control the network device; and transmit the resource bundle, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates generating the interface module.
 18. The computer-program product of claim 17, further comprising instructions configured to cause the one or more data processors to: receive a request for the resource bundle from an access device; and transmit the resource bundle to the requesting access device, wherein when the resource bundle is received by the access device, the resource bundle facilitates executing an application that generates the interface module.
 19. The computer-program product of claim 17, further comprising instructions configured to cause the one or more data processors to: receive an updated resource bundle for the network device; register the updated resource bundle; and transmit the updated resource bundle, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates generating an updated interface module for the network device.
 20. The computer-program product of claim 17, wherein when the resource bundle is received, the resource bundle facilitates executing an application that generates the interface module.
 21. The computer-program product of claim 17, wherein when the resource bundle is received by an access device, the resource bundle facilitates executing an application at the access device that generates the interface module. 